September, 1913. 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



225 



There are two organizations in Canada 

 directly connected with the development of 

 the horticultural interests of the Dominion, 

 as distinct from the fruit grrowing indus- 

 try. These are The Canadian Horticultural 

 Association and The Ontario Horticultural 

 Association. The former is composed of 

 wholesale flower growers, retail florists, and 

 professional gardeners, and deals almost 

 exclusively with the professional side of 

 floriculture. The latter represents the ama- 

 teur interests. The sixteenth annual con- 

 vention of The Canadian Horticultural As- 

 sociation took place last month in Peter- 

 boro. The papers presented were of a high 

 order of merit, particularly that by Park 

 Commissioner C. E. Chambers, of Toronto, 

 which dealt with Parks and Boulevards. 

 We are pleased to notice that since the con- 

 vention it has been published in full by a 

 number of local dailies. Separated as its 

 members are by the great distances which 

 prevail in Canada, this Association is ac- 

 complishing a valuable work in the face of 

 considerable difficulties. It deserves the 

 support of all who are interested in any 

 branch of professional floriculture. By 

 identifying themselves with it, florists and 

 gardeners will advance their own interests 

 as well as those of the other members of 

 their profession. 



PUBLISHER'S DESK m 



This is the season of the year when the 

 minds of progressive fruit growers are occu- 

 j)ied with thoughts concerning the market- 

 ing of their season's crops. More and more 

 are they striving to see that their goods 

 are placed on the markets, both at home 

 ■ and abroad, in the best possible condition. 

 This is why the Annual Exhibition and Fall 

 Packing Number of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist, issued the first of September each 

 year, is awaited with interest by fruit grow- 

 ers from one end of Canada to the other. 



This is our third annual number of this 

 kind. We anticipate that it will meet with 

 the expectations of our readers. The arti- 

 cles are particularly timely and helpful. 

 One of the most important discussions 

 that took place at the Dominion Fruit Con- 

 ference held last year, pertained to a pos- 

 sible change in the size of the standard ap- 

 ple box. One of the leaders in the discus- 

 sion was Mr. R. M. Winslow, of British 

 Columbia. At the Dominion Conference 

 final action was deferred until the views of 

 the growers might be more fully ascer- 

 tained. In the introductory article in this 

 issue, Mr. Winslow has summed up very 

 ably the arguments for and against the two 

 sizes generally advocated. It will be not- 

 iced that he favors what might be called 

 the United States as against the Canadian 

 box. As the subject is a timely one, fnjit 

 growers are invited to continue the dis- 

 iCussion. 



In Quebec and Eastern Ontario our fruit 

 ^growers are awakening to the fact that in 

 the Fameuse and Mcintosh Red apples they 

 Ihave two varieties that for dessert pur- 

 ' poses are unsurpassed. For all such grow- 

 lers, as well as for growers of other varie- 

 "ties of apples, the article by Kev. Father 

 I Leopold contains much that should be in- 

 structive and helpful. 



In Eastern Canada, at least, the great 

 majority of apple growers are still packing 

 . their apples in barrels. The contribution 

 by Mr. A. G. Tumey, Provincial Horticul- 

 turist for New Brunswick, was secured for 

 ; their benefit. A glance through the fllowgr 



and vegetable departments of this issue 

 will show that they also are filled with 

 timely, helpful information. While the 

 handling of the' apple crop is always empha- 

 sized in this issue, it has been our desire 

 that none of the other departments should 

 be neglected, and in this we trust our read- 

 ers will see we have been successful. 



* # * 



Because The Canadian Horticulturist is 

 published only monthly its space is very 

 limited. This makes it absolutely impossi- 

 ble for us to publish as soon as they are 

 received, many of the articles that we ac- 

 cept for publication. In each month's is- 

 sue we strive to have those articles that are 

 the most timely and seasonable. Thus it 

 frequently happens that an article crowded 

 out of one month's issue may be held over 

 and not used until the corresponding month 

 of the year following. When correspon- 

 dents do not see their articles published as 

 soon as they expect, they are asked to re- 

 member that its non-appearance is not an 

 indication that it is not the editor's inten- 

 tion to publish it. 



# * » 



The circulation of The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and its companion paper. The 

 Canadian Horticulturist and Beekeeper, 

 continues to increase. It is now greater 

 than ever before in the history of either 

 paper. We are pleased that this is the case 

 because we do not use any methods to 

 force an increase in circulation. Prem- 

 iums are not given to subscribers to take 

 the paper.. The circulation of both papers 

 is high class and good. This is probably 

 the main reason why The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist and The Beekeeper are such valu- 

 able advertising mediums. 

 » « * 



This year as usual The Canadian Horti- 

 culturist will be represented in the Horti- 

 cultural Building at the Canadian National 

 Exhibition in Toronto. Readers of this 

 paper are invited to pay us a visit. 



Potato Canker Danger 



H. T. Gnsiow, Dominion Botonitt, Otiawa 



Potato canker should not be allowed to 

 obtain a foothold in Canada. It is a di- 

 sease that makes slow progress but where 

 once broken out it has defied every known 

 means of control. With the approach of 

 the potato harvest all growers are particu- 

 larly requested to examine their potatoes 

 for signs of canker. A case of potato can- 

 ker escaping detection forms a source of 

 future infection. 



The appearance of this disease has been 

 well illustrated by the Farmers' Circular, 

 No. 3, obtainable free of charge from the 

 Publication Branch of the Department of 

 Agriculture, Ottawa. On discovery of any 

 signs of potato canker farmers should im- 

 mediately notify the Dominion Botanist, 

 Experimental Farm, Ottawa, of the out- 

 break, at the same time submitting speci- 

 men, when an inspector will be sent to as- 

 sist and advise the farmer as regards the 

 treatment to be given. 



In accordance with the new regulations 

 if diseased tubers are found no part of the 

 crop can be sold. Before being used for 

 any purpose all tubers, whether sound or 

 unsound, must be boiled, which destroys 

 the disease. No potatoes from an infected 

 field can be used for seed. The land upon 

 which diseased potatoes have been raised is 

 unfit for the production of potatoes for an 

 indefinite number of years. 



All potato growers should acquaint them- 

 selves with the publications furnished "by 

 the Department of Agriculture in refer- 

 ance to this disease. 



Niagara Peninsula Crop Outlook 



The Niagara Peninsula Fruit Growers' 

 .Association reports an increase over last 

 month in the plum and pear prospects, 

 and a slight decrease in grapes. The av- 

 erage set is as follows : 



Japan Plums, 58 reports, 79%. 



European Plums, 55 reports, 71%. 



Early Cling. Peaches, 51 reports, 80%. 



Early Free. Peaches, 84 reports, 59%. 



Late Peaches, 93 reports, 71%. 



Earlv Pears, 39 reports, 81%. 



Bartictt Pears, 63 reports, 80%. 



Later Pears, 54 reports, 74%. 



Grapes, 83 reports, 72%. 



Early and Fall Apples, 46 reports, 56%. 



Winter Apples, 57 reports, 45%. 



Early Tomatoes, 39 reports, 81%. 



Late Tomatoes, 53 reports, 75%. 



The raspberry crop was very disappoint- 

 ing. The first early tomatoes were inclined 

 to be small but they are now coming in 

 freely — quality good. On moist, sandy 

 soil, the crop promises well, 'but on the 

 heavier soils the plants are suffering se- 

 verely from the excessive drought. Peaches 

 are seemingly not suffering badly as yet 

 from little peach and yellows, but both 

 may develop later. Blight on pears is re- 

 ported in several cases as being bad, and 

 the pear slug has also done damage. 



Grapes have suffered badly in some cases 

 from flea beetle and rose chafer in Pel- 

 ham, Thorold and Stamford townships, and 

 rot is reported in several vineyards around 

 St. Catharines. Apples are still reported 

 light, and the yield may possibly be even 

 further reduced as many growers have not 

 sprayed their small crop, and codling moth 

 and scab are reported bad in unspi^yed or- 

 chards. In every case the well sprayed 

 orchards are reported comparatively free 

 from such troubles. Cover crops went in 

 late because of drought. 



While so many complain of the lack of 

 rain, it is a debatable question whether the 

 growers who are cultivating, spraying and 

 caring for their orchards as they should be 

 cared for, are not in a better position. 

 There will be no loss from rot and the fruit 

 will carry better than if there were to be a 

 little too much rain. 



The peach crop will be large owing to 

 the large number of young orchards com- 

 ing into bearing. The growers should en- 

 deavor to place as many orders as possi- 

 ble and also let their customers know that 

 there will be plenty to supply all demands. 



ISOCIETY NOTES 



St. Catharines 



Preparations are under way for the an- 

 nual fall exhibition of the St. Catharines 

 Horticultural Society. Situated as St. 

 Catharines is in such a splendid fruit pro- 

 ducin.g section this exhibition has become 

 one of the finest flower and fruit shows in 

 Canada. This season no efforts are being 

 spared to make the event the most success- 

 ful yet. September 11 will be the opening 

 date. 



That Ontario can produce apples second 

 to none was proved at the International 

 Apple Shinpers' Association which met re- 

 cently at Cleveland, Ohio. In competition 

 with fruit from Nova Scotia, the New Eng- 

 land States. New York, Michigan, Wiscon- 

 sin and Minnesota, Ontario fruit won the 

 President's Cup, a sweepstake for the en- 

 tire show. Fifteen winter, five summer 

 and ten fall varieties were shown. 



