264 



THE CANADIAN HORTICULTURIST 



November, 1913 



Gathering the Apple Crop— Orchard of E. J. Hibbert, Ksntville, N.S. 



the branches little damage is done to the 

 tree by removing them. Spraying with 

 arsenate of lead or Paris green just be- 

 fore the caterpillars are due to make 

 their appearance is an effective remedy, 

 but most orchardists do not care to 

 spray this late in the season. Sometimes 

 enough poison remains on the leaves 

 from the last spray for coddling worm 

 to be effective in destroying this pest. 

 Keeping a sharp lookout for the webs 

 and removing them is about the only 

 remedy necessary. ■ 



Storing Fruits 



Hrary Gibson, Staattborg, Ont. 



Fruit as a general thing is best when 

 it fully ripens on the tree, but the win- 

 ter sorts of course do not ripen until 

 some time after being gathered. One 

 cannot be too careful in gathering fruit. 

 Careless picking and packing may show 

 no bad results at the time, but every 

 bruise, no matter how slight, is liable 

 to develop into a rot spot under the 

 first favorable circumstances, and spread 

 ruin to the lot. 



."Apples and pears should be kept in 

 a cool, dark place where the air is cool, 

 but never wet, and where the tempera- 

 ture will not go below freezing. They 

 should be stored loosely and not more 

 than half a foot to a foot thick on slat- 

 ted shelves. If such conditions do not 

 obtain with you and they must neces- 

 sarily be kept in a dry, heated place, 

 pack, using only perfect fruit, in tight 

 boxes or barrels, or in sand, moss, or 

 leaf mould to prevent shrivelling. 



The man in the orchard is always a 

 good citizen 



Varieties of Plums 



Prof. J. W. Crow, O.A.C., Gaclph 



In plums, the three most profitable 

 varieties in the best plum districts are 

 Burbank, Bradshaw, and Reine Claude. 

 As an early plum of fine appearance 

 and quality, Shiro is coming into favor. 

 Burbank is valuable for early shipment, 

 but should not be marketed until it has 

 attained a fair degree of maturity. If 

 placed on the market in an immature 

 dondition, it will sell because of its 

 splendid color, but is a disappointment 

 to purchasers. 



In cherries, the one variety of greatest 

 value is Montmorency. Richmond is 

 also valuable on account of its earliness, 

 but I know of no other varieties which 

 are worthy of extensive planting. Sour 

 cherries, such as the two varieties men- 

 tioned, may be successfully grown in 

 all the lake districts and throughout 

 most of older Ontario. The sweet cherry 

 is capable of much less extensive culti- 

 vation in a commercial way; in fact, 

 there are very few districts in the pro- 

 vince which can grow sweet cherries 

 successfully in comparison with the sour 

 varieties. 



The orchard should be cultivated as 

 early in the spring as possible. — Prof. 

 J. W. Crow, O.A.C., Guelph, Ont. 



The shot-hole borer cannot reproduce 

 in a healthy tree. It will attack a tree 

 lacking vigor. To prevent infection, it 

 is a good thing to see that the dead 

 trees are taken out before the first of 

 April.— Prof. L. Caesar. O.A.C., 

 Guelph, Ont. 



Ontario Fruit Wins 



D. E. Ulkiu, B. S. A. 



To successful fruit growers in Ontario 

 the announcement lately made that the 

 province had achieved great success, first 

 at the Cleveland, and later at the Cana- 

 dian Apple Show in Winnipeg, will not 

 come as a surprise. Time and again 

 the provincial fruit authorities have told 

 us that Ontario fruit so far as flavor i^ 

 concerned, is quite as high, if not higher 

 in quality than the best fruit in the West 

 It is still the old complaint that the onl 

 thing which deters Ontario fruit from 

 taking its rightful place in the competi- 

 tions, is the lack of care in packing, anf! 

 handling the fruit before packing, on th^ 

 part of those engaged in the business. 



Those who were chiefly successful in 

 the late show at Winnipeg, were W. L. 

 Hamilton, of Collingwood, and The 

 Bethen Break Orchard Co. of Water- 

 down. The Ontario government also got 

 a first prize for their show of apples, 

 peaches, grapes, pears and plums. 



While we do not expect that Ontario 

 growers can make any sudden change 

 from the barrel to the box pack, in or- 

 der that their fruit may compete success- 

 fully with that of British Columbia and 

 the Western States, still we think that 

 these results should tend to bring them 

 around to the idea that the box is not too 

 high a class package for well cared for 

 fruit grown in this province of Ontario. 

 Our best growers have no doubt long re- 

 cognized this as the actual state of af- 

 fairs, but commercial success is depen- 

 dent not on the few recognizing the sit- 

 uation aright, but rather on the combin- 

 ed effort of the masses towards adopting 

 cooperative packing of a high class nat- 

 ure. 



Destroy Tent Moth Eggs Now 



David Roxborgb, MoBtreal 



For many years past we have been 

 troubled in the early summer with the 

 caterpillar scourge. Each successive 

 year has proved to be more severe than 

 its predecessor. In past years we have 

 always been too late in dealing with this 

 pest. .As a timely suggestion now that 

 the trees have undergone defoliation, in 

 the case of young orchards at least, we 

 would recommend that the egg clusters 

 which are laid on the younger twigs of 

 the trees, be removed. 



The egg clusters are very clearly vis- 

 ible and appear like thickened abnormal 

 wood growth, but when observed more 

 closely they are found to be white, with 

 a brownish covering. In the case of 

 older orchards, where the branches are 

 too high, it is probably better to wait 

 till the early spring and to burn the tents 

 immediately they are formed by the 

 young caterpillars. 



