1901 



GLEANINGS IN BEE CULTURE. 



985 



FIG. 4. — ANOTHER OP' MR. CHAMBERS' OUT-VARDS. | 



those bees that do get inside are allowed 

 to get out b3' means of bee-escapes. 



HOW MR. CHAMBERS AVOIDS THE USE OF 

 lOUEEN-EXCLUDERS. 



He prefers Langstroth hives, ten-frame 

 in width. The full ten frames are used in 

 the brood-nest, making a spacing of l^s 

 from center to center. The extracting-su- 

 pers are of the same 

 width, and in these are 

 put eight frames spaced 

 far enough apart to fill 

 out the space. This, he 

 says, discourages the 

 queen from going above, 

 because the combs are 

 too deep for ordinary 

 brood - rearing. When 

 he uncaps he cuts the 

 combs down to the width 

 of the top-bar, leaving 

 the cells deep at the 

 bottom as well as at the 

 top. He acknowledges 

 that some prefer exclud- 

 ers; but he says thick 

 cornbs, in his experi- 

 ence, prevent the queen 

 from entering them, and 

 thej^ are easier to uncap. 



THE ECONOMIC IMPOR- 

 TANCE OF COTTON- 

 WOODS TO ARIZONA. 



I have already said 

 that all the apiaries in 

 Arizona, so far as I 

 knew, were under those 

 long sheds, with one ex- 

 ception; and that one is 



the apiary of H. 

 L. Sanderson, of 

 Phctnix, located 

 under a long row 

 of cotton wood- 

 trees, as shown in 

 P^ig. 5. Mr. S. 

 himself stands in 

 the foreground. 

 These trees, I 

 think, were only 

 about four or five 

 years old ; and yet, 

 look at their size! 

 Give them five 

 years more and 

 they would be ver- 

 itable monarchs. 



Like the euca- 

 lyptus of Califor- 

 nia, cot ton woods 

 are veritable God- 

 sends to the arid 

 climate of Arizona. 

 They are very rap- 

 id growers — so 

 rapid, in fact, that 

 they in a few years 

 come to be mam- 

 moth shade-trees. 

 This portion of Arizona was originally a 

 perfect desert; and even after it was re- 

 claimed by means of irrigation there were 

 no trees. It was soon found that the cotton- 

 woods would thrive amazingly, and they 

 were set along near the ditches, in front of 

 residences, or wherever water could be easi- 

 ly obtained; for nothing will grow here in 

 Arizona, as I have already explained, un- 



SANDERSON AND HIS APIARY UNDER THE 

 COTTONWOODS. 



