59 



its supporter, and anastomoses by its vascular system with the 

 vascular system of the nourishing plant. To this section be- 

 long Rafflesia, Brugmansia, Pilostyles, Apodanthes, Cytinus ? \ 



2. The parasite endeavours to form a kind of rhizoma, by 

 which it suspends itself to the stock, and from which it sends 

 forth several floriferous branches, for instance, Hydnora, Scy- 

 balium. 



3. By an increased reaction (founded probably on the 

 mode of germination), a portion of the vascular system of 

 the nourishing plant is received in the rhizoma of the pa- 

 rasite, and a body formed which belongs to both plants. 

 Under this section are classed the genera Balanophora, Cy- 

 nopsole, Sarcoptyte, Cynomorium, Lophophytum (?), Ombro- 

 phytum (?). 



4. The parasite forms a rhizoma, the fibres of which ad- 

 here to the stock plant : for instance, Helosis, Langsdorffia. 



5. No rhizoma but branched roots which are connected 

 with the stock plant by suckers, as Lathrcsa. 



6. Ingrafting of the parasite, as in the first group, but 

 having roots which are sometimes provided with tubercles, 

 sometimes have none. To this section belong the genera Oro- 

 banche, Phelipaa, Conopholis, Hyobanche, Epiphegus, jEginetia, 

 Obolaria. 



7- The roots of the parasite are intermatted with the roots 

 of the stock plant into a kind of tuberose mat. Monotropa and 

 Corallophyllum. 



8. The parasite is developed somewhat independently, only 

 intromitting here and there from the stem fleshy tubercles into 

 the stock plant, as in Cuscuta and Cassytha. 



9. Highly ramified roots which at times pass under the 

 bark of the supporters, and are, as it were, infiltrated into 

 them. Viscum, Loranthus, and Myzodendron. 



In forming this arrangement, M. Unger thinks that he has 

 established a law, according to which the lower or higher 

 developed nature of the parasite constantly rises to greater in- 

 dependency and freedom parallel with the successive series of 

 its independent relations in the inrooting. 



He also divides the so-called false parasites with regard to 

 their connexion with the soil into various groups. To the first 



