years' effort will be necessary to establish control and the re- 

 sults will be more or less temporary unless neighboring com- 

 munities are co-operating. 



Suggested Systems of Planting White Pine and Norway Spruce 

 To Obviate Weevil Injury. 



The question is often asked why it is that while the virgin 

 pines were most of them so perfect, the new growth is so marked- 

 ly subject to weevil injury. It is believed the correct answer is 

 that these perfect and symmetrical trees came up under cover 

 of larger trees either of the same or of other species, and were 

 thus protected from injury. By the time their crowns reached 

 through to the open above the surrounding trees, the pines were 

 of such a size as to be exempt from attack, or if attacked, were 

 injured but slightly. There is good reason for believing that 

 any open woodland in this part of the country, if left untouched 

 for several centuries, would at the end of that period have be- 

 come as perfect a forest as was here when the white man first 

 came, and that the predominating tree would be the white pine, 

 provided a few good seed trees of white pine were present at the 

 start. The history of such a forest would be somewhat as fol- 

 lows : A very large percentage of the first new growth of pines 

 would be attacked by the weevil, and never reach a height of 

 much more than thirty feet. A few would probably escape 

 without injury or with only minor injuries. Later lots of pines 

 coming up under cover of the older " bushy" growth would es- 

 cape with a much smaller percentage of injury, and the survivors 

 would eventually over-top the injured growth. Having reached 

 a height where they were comparatively exempt from injury, 

 some of them would continue to grow, and eventually they would 

 become sufficiently numerous to suppress and kill the imperfect 

 stunted trees by shading. 



Such a process as that outlined above, however, would cer- 

 tainly require several centuries for its completion. The writer 

 thoroughly believes that comparatively good results can be ac- 

 complished in a much shorter time by using proper methods of 

 planting, intelligently devised to combat the pine weevil. Ob- 

 servations made several years ago at the Great Bear Springs 

 Plantation near Fulton, N. Y., first suggested that such a system 



