EMOTIONS. 347 



with which the present treatise is concerned. These are 

 Shame, Eemorse, Deceit, and the Emotion of the Ludicrous. 

 For instances of the display of these emotions by Dogs and 

 Apes, I need merely again refer to " Animal Intelligence/'* 



In this brief sketch of the emotional faculties as they 

 occur in the animal kingdom, my aim has been to give a 

 generic rather than a specific representation. I have there- 

 fore omitted all details of the emotional character of this and 

 that particular animal, as well as the narration of particular 

 instances of the display of emotions. Such details and par- 

 ticular instances will be found in sufficient abundance in my 

 previous work, and it seems undesirable, for the larger purpose 

 now in hand, either to repeat what I have said before, or to 

 burden the discussion with additional facts serving only to 

 corroborate the general assignment of levels which I have 

 now given. 



Before concluding the present chapter, and with it the 

 present work, I shall give a similar outline sketch of the 

 assignment of levels on the other and corresponding side of 

 the diagram, which serves to show the probable history of 

 mental evolution so far as the faculties of intellect are con- 

 cerned. This, of course, has already been done throughout 

 the course of all the preceding pages ; but I think it desirable 

 to terminate our analysis of the psychology of animals, by 

 briefly stating in a serial form the reasons which have induced 

 me to assign the various classes of animals to the levels of 

 psychological development in which I have respectively 

 placed them. It is only needful to premise that in consider- 

 ing this side of the diagram I shall not at present wait to 

 treat of the column which has to do with the psycho- 

 genesis of the child, for this will require to be treated ah 

 initio in my work on Mental Evolution in Man. I may 

 further observe that the sundry psychological faculties which 

 I have written on one of the vertical columns are intended as 

 so many indices of mental evolution, and not as exhausting 

 all the distinctions between one level of such evolution and 

 another. Indeed, lookinsj to the fact that our classification of 

 faculties is conventional rather than natural, w^e cannot expect 

 that any diagrammatic representation of the order in which 

 they have been developed should admit of being made very 



* Pp. 438-45, and 471-78 ; also 484-98. 



