386 MENTAL EVOLUTION IN ANIMALS. 



Auerbacli, on dilemma-time in perception, 134-5. 

 Aurelia anrita, nervous system of, 69. 



B. 



Bain, Professor Alexander, on associated movements, 41, 43 ; on associa- 

 tion of ideas, 120 ; on perception, 125 ; on ideas as faint revivals of 

 perceptions, 142-3 ; on evolution of instinct, 256. 



Baines, Mrs. M. A., on a puppy learning to imitate a cat, 224. 



Banks, Sir J., on modified instincts of a spider, 209. 



Barking, instinct of, round a carriage, 182, 186 ; instinct of an offshoot from 

 acquired instinct of protecting master's property, 235 ; not practised by 

 dogs in certain parts of the world, 250. 



Barrington, on birds acquiring songs of their foster parents, 222. 



Bastian, Dr., on sense of direction, 292-3 ; on intelligence of orang-outang, 

 328. 



Bat, sensibility of blinded, 94. 



Bateman, Dr. Frederick, on relation of intelligence to mass of brain, 44. 



Bates, on memory of Hymenoptera, 123. 



Satrachia. See Amphihia. 



Baxt, on reaction-time as increased by complexity of perception, 133. 



Bear, becoming omnivorous, 247. 



Beaver, local variation of instinct in, 249 ; relation of instinct to reason in, 

 329. 



Bechstein, on Birds, 149, 222-3, 245. 



Bees, memory in, 146 ; instincts of, 166-8, 174-5, 179, 203-9 ; boring holes 

 in corollas, 220-1 ; local variations of instincts of, 245 ; sense of direc- 

 tion in, 290, 293-4 ; cell-making instinct of, 317 ; grade of mental 

 evolution of, 350. 



Beetles, memory in, 123 ; instincts of dung, 244. 



Begging, hereditary transmission of, in dog and cat, 195-6. 



Belt, on memory of Hymenoptera, 123. 



Bembex, instincts of, 166, 191-2. 



Benevolence, in animals, 341, 345 ; in cats, 345-6. 



Bennet, on birds dreaming, 149. 



Bevan, the Eev. J., on mistaken instincts of bees and wasps, 167. 



Bidie, G-., on alleged instinct of scorpion to commit suicide, 278 ; on a bull 

 feigning death, 313-14. 



Bingley, on crabs feigning death, 305. 



Birds, special senses of, 57 ; sight, 91 ; hearing, 91-2 ; smell, taste, and 

 touch, 92 ; colour-sense, 99-100 ; memory, 124 ; perception, 131 ; 

 dreaming, 149 ; instincts of young, 161-5, 170-1 ; mistaken instincts 

 of, 168; trivial and useless instincts of, 176; attachments between 

 different species of, 185, and with other animals, 183-5 ; variations 

 in nest-building of, 209-12 ; variations in incubating instincts of, 

 212-17; instinctive singing of, 222; imitating songs of other birds, 

 222-3; teaching their young, 226-7; local variations of instincts in, 

 245-7 ; specific variations of instinct in, 251-5 ; flying towards light, 

 279; migration of, 286-9, 295-7; feigning death, 303-5; feigning 

 injury, 316-17 ; emotions of, 345 ; grade of mental evolution of, 351. 



Biscacha, instinct of, 190. 



Black, WilHam, on migration of swallows, 246. 



Blackbird, conveying young, 211. 



Blackie, Professor, on colour-sense, 100. 



