CHAPTER Y 



THE CRANIA OF THE SIMIIDAE (PRIMATES) 1 



Having completed a general account of the anatomy of 

 selected types of the Primates, we turn to the cranial characters 

 of the Simiidae in particular; and inasmuch as the skull of 

 Gorilla has already been described, this form will demand less 

 attention here than the remaining members of the family, viz. 

 the Gibbons, Orang-utans and Chimpanzees. To the first of 

 these, the Gibbons, we may now turn, taking as our examples 

 skulls of animals of the Bornean variety known as Miiller's 

 Gibbon (Hylobates mulleri), and proceed to consider the points 

 laid down in the accompanying list. 



I. Cranial portion : 



General contour. 



Sutures. 



Ridges. 



II. Facial portion : 



Orbit : General contour and margins. 



Lachryrno-ethmoidal suture. 



Lachrymal hamulus. 



Infra-orbital suture. 

 Nasal aperture : 



General contour. 



Lower margins. 



Nasal spine. 



Nasal bones. 



1 For further details, the exhaustive paper by Dr Stefanie Oppenheim should 

 be consulted. Cf. Z.f. M. und A., Band xiv. 1911, Zur Typologie des Primaten- 

 craniums. 



