74 MOUNTED INSTRUCTION 



Zinc, Sulphate: Antiseptic and astringent. Used externally in the 

 form of white lotion, for the treatment of bruises, collar sores, sore 

 shoulders, saddle sores, etc. 



BANDAGES 



Flannel: Use chiefly on the legs for warmth, support, protection. 



Cotton : Used for the retention of bandages and the protection of 

 wounds. 



Zince Oxide: Mildly astringent and antiseptic. Used as a dry dress- 

 ing for wounds, either alone or in combination with other drugs. 



DRESSINGS 



Absorbent Cotton: Used as a substitute for sponges in the cleaning 

 of wounds ; to make packs by soaking in medical solutions ; and to 

 retain dry dressings in contact with the surface of wounds. 



Antiseptic Gauze: A light, loosely woven variety of cloth which 

 has been saturated with an antiseptic and dried. Used as a covering 

 for wounds. Gauze must be kept clean and the part that is to come 

 in contact with the wound should never be touched with the fingers 

 or hands. 



Oakum: Prepared fiber from old ropes. Used principally in packing 

 horses' feet. It may also be used as a substitute for sponges, and in the 

 absence of cotton and gauze as a covering for wounds. 



Packs: Packs are made by soaking cotton gauze, oakum or simi- 

 lar material in hot or cold medical solutions, after which they are ap- 

 plied to the part with a bandage. 



Poultices: Poultices are a preparation for the local application of 

 heat and moisture. They are made usually of flaxseed meal and bran, 

 but other substances, such as oatmeal and bread, may be used. The 

 material from which they are to be made is stirred up in hot water 

 until thick and pasty. This mass is then spread on a piece of sacking 

 or cloth of any kind and applied while hot, directly to the part and 

 held by bandages or other appliances. When poultices are intended 

 for use on wounds, such as punctures of the foot, etc., from two to 

 four drams of carbolic acid or creolin should be added to the mass to 

 render it antiseptic. 



Poultices are most useful about the feet. They should be changed 

 twice daily and immersed in hot water to keep them fresh and to pre- 

 vent drying. Their application should not be continued for more 

 than three or four days at a time. 



METHODS OF ADMINISTERING MEDICINES 



By the mouth: Medicines can be given by the mouth in the form 

 of solids, as powders or pills, liquids and pastes, or electuaries. 



Powders: Solids administered as powders should be as finely pul- 

 verized as possible, in order to obtain rapid solution and absorption. 



