JUDGING LIVE STOCK. 63 



Early maturity, deep-fleshing properties, and a generous 

 feeding capacity are also points sought for, and a great many 

 breeders desire to see heavy, mossy coat of hair, soft and 

 silky to the touch. 



Such, in brief, are the points to be observed in judging 

 or selecting a Shorthorn bull, and precisely the same points 

 should be observed in judging females save for the differ- 

 ences due to the difference in sex. These have already been 

 commented on in previous lectures, but it should be noted 

 that Shorthorn breeders lay great emphasis on femininity in 

 cows and heifers. This is shown most in the head, which 

 should be short, broad between the eyes, and in the fore- 

 head, and slightly hollow in the outline of the face, espe- 

 cially between the eyes; the muzzle should be large, wide 

 nostrils, and the face clean cut. The eyes should be large, 

 bright and placid, the horns wide set, and gently curving 

 forward. The combination of these characteristics, with re- 

 finement in neck and forequarters, gives the cow that appear- 

 ance which stamps the female of desirable breeding qualities, 

 and it is this known as femininity which breeders look for 

 in cows. 



Form, constitution, quality, and breed type are the essen- 

 tial points to be observed in judging and selecting Shorthorn 

 cattle; and breed type really involves all the characteristics 

 which distinguish the breed. 



