102 



I IK I- I'OL', CHARACTERISTICS. 



The udder should be fairly large, extending well up behind, 

 and well forward on the belly; should be well balanced with 

 teats of convenient size and shape; and the milk veins should 

 be very large, tortuous arising in knotted puffs. The milk 

 wells should be numerous and large. 



The foregoing points apply to bulls as well as to cows, 

 but in the hindquarters is to be expected less width, and the 

 indications of milking qualities are indicated by the size of 

 barrel, and by the rudimentary teats, which should be well de- 

 veloped. 



The chief defects that must be guarded against are a lack 

 of depth and width in the chest, tending to weak constitu- 

 tion; a barrel of insufficient size to utilize large amounts of 

 food; and a tendency which, at times, appears to inferior 

 milking properties. This is shown in poorly developed udder, 

 small milk veins, and an undue fleshiness of the hindquarters. 



Form, constitution, quality, and milking capacity must all 

 be considered. For the first three, 65 per cent, may well be 

 allowed, and 35 per cent, for milking qualities. 



