JUDGING LIVE STOCK. 145 



Barrel, 4. Of wedge shape, well rounded; with a large ab- 

 domen; trimly held up (in judging the last item age must 

 be considered). Discredit, v. s. %; s. 14; m. y 2 ; v. m. %; 

 e. 1. 



Loin and Hips, 5. Broad; level or nearly level between hook- 

 bones; level and strong laterally; spreading from chine 

 broadly and nearly level; hook-bones fairly prominent. Dis- 

 credit, v. s. %; s. !,4; m. l / 2 ; v. m. % ; e. 1. 



Rump, 5. Long; high; broad, with roomy pelvis; nearly level 

 laterally; comparatively full above the thurl. Discredit, 

 v. s. % ; s. 14 ; m. y 2 ; v. m. % ; e. 1. 



Thurl, 4. High; broad. Discredit, v. s. %; s. l / 2 ; m. 1; v. m. 

 iy 2 ; e. 2. 



Quarters, 4. Deep; straight behind; roomy in the twist; wide 

 and moderately full at the sides. Discredit, v. s. y 8 ; s. ^4; 

 m. y 2 ; v. m. %; e. 1. 



Flanks, 2. Deep; comparative full. Discredit, v. s. %; s. y; 

 m. y 2 ; v. m. %; e. 1. 



Legs, 5. Comparatively short; clean and nearly straight; wide 

 apart; firmly and squarely set under the body; feet of me- 

 dium size, round, solid and deep. Discredit, v. s. % ; s. y ; 

 m. y 2 ; v. m. % ; e. 1. 



Tail, 2. Large at base, setting well back; tapering finely to 

 switch; the end of the bone reaching to hocks or below; the 

 switch full. Discredit, s. % ; m. 14; e. y 2 . 



Hair and Handling, 10. Hair healthful in appearance; fine, 

 soft and furry; the skin of medium thickness and loose; 

 mellow under the hand; the secretions oily, abundant, and of 

 a rich brown or yellow color. Discredit, v. s. 14 ; s. y 2 ; m. 1; 

 v. m. iy 2 ; e. 2. 



Mammary Veins, 10. Very large, very crooked (age must be 

 taken into consideration in judging of size and crooked- 

 ness) ; entering very large or numerous orifices; double 

 extension; with special developments, such as branches, 

 connections, etc. Discredit, v. s. *4 ; s. y 2 ; m. 1; v. m. 

 1V 2 ; e. 2. 



Udder and Teats, 12. Very capacious; very flexible; quarters 

 even; nearly filling the space in the rear below the twist, 

 and extending well forward in front; broad and well held 

 up; teats well formed, wide apart, plump, and of con- 

 venient size. Discredit, v. s. 14; s. y 2 ; m. 1; v. m. iy 2 ; e. 2. 



