194 DOCTRINE OF EVOLUTION 



ship to this is indicated by the low brain capacity, the 

 prominent ridges over the eyes, and the heavy pro- 

 jecting jaws. 



Taking up the other division of the so-called Ethi- 

 opian race, constituting the Negrito section, we may 

 begin with its Oceanic members. The natives of the 

 Andaman Islands, the Kalangs and the Sakais of Java 

 and neighboring regions, and the Aetas of the Philip- 

 pine Islands agree in a dwarfed stature of four feet or a 

 little over, in their yellowish brown skin color, a round 

 head, and woolly reddish-brown hair. They, too, pos- 

 sess large ridges over the eyes and extremely prominent 

 jaws, and in these latter characteristics particularly we 

 see evidences of their relationship to the negro. But 

 perhaps the most characteristic pygmies are found in 

 Africa. The little Bushmen and Hottentots are low 

 types of the Negrito stock, and they lead us to the low- 

 est men of all, the Akkas of the West Congo region. It 

 is difficult for us to realize how utterly degenerate and 

 apelike these pygmies are. The jaws are dispropor- 

 tionately large as compared with the cranium or brain- 

 case, and project to a degree which brings the skull 

 very close to that of the higher apes ; while in mental 

 respects, in the absence of dwellings, and in many 

 other ways they prove to be the lowest of all mankind, 

 — veritable brutes in form and mode of life. 



Without a full series of photographs before us the 

 foregoing sketch of the various races of men cannot 

 make us fully acquainted with all the strange varieties 

 of the human body, but it will suffice to establish two 



