THE MANGABEYS, OR WHITE-EYELID MONKEYS 103 



THE LUDIO MONKEY {Cercopithecus ludio) 



The last of the guenons that we shall notice is the ludio monkey, which is an- 

 other of the white-nosed group. Its fur is black, profusely grizzled with gray, the 

 chin, chest, and the inner sides of the upper arms being white ; while the temples, 

 nape of the neck, shoulders, and the greater portions of the limbs, as well as the end 

 of the tail, are pure black. The white spot on the nose has an oblong shape, and is 

 higher than broad. 



The species is said to range into Central Africa. The red-eared monkey ( C. 

 erythrotis}, which is likewise West African, differs from the other members of the 

 group in having red hairs on the nose and ears. 



THE MANGABEYS, OR WHITE-EYELID MONKEYS 

 Genus Cercocebus 



The mangabeys, or, as they are often called, white-eyelid monkeys, comprise a 

 small group of four West African species, which, while agreeing in all external 

 characteristics with the guenons, are distinguished by the presence of a projecting 

 heel at the hinder end of the last molar tooth on each side of the lower jaw, so that 

 the crown of this tooth carries five, in place of four tubercles. In this respect the 

 mangabeys agree with the great group of macaques, which follow next in the series ; 

 and on this ground these monkeys have been separated from the guenons to form a 

 distinct genus under the name of Cercocebus. There has been much discussion as to 

 the advisability of thus separating the mangabeys, but it has at least the advantage 

 of somewhat restricting the unwieldy group of the guenons. 



The name Mangabey, it may be observed, is taken from the district Mangabe, 

 or Manongabe, in Madagascar, and was applied by the French naturalist Buffon to 

 these monkeys, from the mistaken idea that they came from that island, which in 

 his time appears to have been a kind of refuge for the destitute, in regard to animals 

 whose habitat was unknown. In spite, however, of this totally erroneous origin 

 the name is a convenient one, and has been subsequently almost universally adopted 

 for this group of monkeys. 



All the mangabeys have an oval-shaped head, with a somewhat long muzzle ; 

 and they may be readily recognized in the living condition by their white eyelids. 

 Moreover, their hairs differ from those of the guenons in not being ringed with 

 different colors. 



THE SOOTY MANGABEY {Cercocebus fuliginosus) 



We select as our first example of these monkeys the sooty mangabey, repre- 

 sented in the illustration on p. 104. This monkey belongs to a group containing 

 three out of the four species, and characterized by the hair of the crown of the 



