THE MACAQUES in 



species is gentle if captured at a sufficiently early age, but the old males always 

 become fierce and morose. On account of the white eyelids of this monkey care 

 must be taken not to confound it with the mangabeys noticed above. 



THE IJON-TAILED MONKEY (Macacus silenus) 



With the peculiar-looking lion-tailed monkey of Western India, well repre- 

 sented in the illustration on p. no, and also in Fig. 2 of the colored plate, 

 we come to the first of the macaques in which the length of the tail is less than 

 three-quarters of that of the head and body taken together. 



The lion-tailed monkey, often incorrectly called the wanderu (a term which 

 as we have seen, should be restricted to the langurs of Ceylon), may be dis- 

 tinguished from all the other species by its general black color, and the enormous 

 gray beard and ruff, which surrounds the black face, with the exception of the 

 middle of the forehead, where it stops short. The fur is long, and the slender tail 

 is tufted at its extremity, and measuring from half to three-quarters the united 

 length of the head and body. The thin and tufted tail, like that of a lion, is one of 

 the characteristic features of this species, and that from which it derives its name. 

 The enormous ruff, totally concealing the ears, is, however, that which especially- 

 attracts attention, and gives the owner somewhat the appearance of a black-faced 

 old man with shaggy whiskers and beard. 



These monkeys inhabit the Malabar, or Western Coast of India, from Cape 

 Comorin to about the fourteenth parallel of latitude, being especially abundant in 

 the districts of Travancore and Cochin. They restrict themselves to the forest 

 lands on the range of trappean mountains known as the Western Ghats, and are 

 always found at a considerable elevation above the level of the sea. Dr. Jerdon 

 says that they associate in troops of from twelve to twenty or more in number. 

 They are excessively shy and wary, and when caught are sulky and savage in 

 captivity, so that it is only with great difficulty that they can be taught to perform 

 any feats of agility or mimicry. 



THE BENGAL MONKEY {Macacus rhesus) 



Perhaps the best known of all the macaques is the common Bengal or rhesus 

 monkey, the bandar of the Hindus, which is found all over Northern India. It is 

 shown in Fig. i of the colored plate. 



This monkey presents but little resemblance to the last species, having no trace 

 of a beard or a ruff, and its color being brown, with a tinge of gray. As a species 

 it is characterized by the straightness of its moderately long hair, and also by the 

 buttocks being naked for some distance round the callosities. The tail is about 

 one-half the length of the head and body, and tapers regularly from base to tip, 

 without any trace of a terminal tuft. The face, as well as the callosities on the 

 buttocks, are flesh colored, except in the adults, when they are bright red. 



In India the Bengal monkey is found continuously northward from the valley 

 of the Godaveri to the Himalayas, extending to the west coast at Bombay. It 



