THE MACAQUES 113 



spot in order to see what could have given rise to it. As I approached the base of 

 the landslip on the north side of the lake, I saw a number of brown monkeys (M. 

 rhesus) rush to the sides and across the top of the slip, and presently pieces of 

 loosened stone and shale came tumbling down near where I stood. I fully satisfied 

 myself that this was not merely accidental ; for I distinctly saw one monkey 

 industriously with both fore-paws, and with obvious malice prepense, pushing the 

 loose shingle off a shoulder of rock. I then tried the effect of throwing stones at 

 them, and this made them quite angry, and the number of fragments which they 

 then set rolling was speedily doubled. This, though it does not actually amount to 

 throwing or projecting an object by monkeys as a means of offense, comes very 

 near to the same thing, and makes me think that there may be truth in the stories 

 of their throwing fruit at people from trees." 



It is probable that the Bengal monkey ranges to the northeast into Assam and 

 Upper Burma, and thence into the province of Yunnan, in Western China. In 

 Szechuen, and eastwards into the interior, it is replaced by the closely allied Chinese 

 rhesus (J/. lasiotis). 



Another nearly related species is the Himalayan macaque {M. assamensis} , 

 found at considerable elevations in the Eastern Himalayas, Assam, the Mishmi 

 Hills, and parts of Upper Burma. According to Mr. Blanford it is distinguished 

 from the Bengal monkey by the wavy nature of the hair, which in the Himalayan 

 specimens assumes a decidedly woolly texture. Dr. Anderson tells us that it is 

 larger than the last-named species, and more powerfully and compactly built, and 

 thus approaches the under-mentioned pig-tailed monkey. Mr. Blanford further 

 observes that, whether wild or tame, it is more sluggish in its movements than the 

 Bengal monkey ; and also that there is a slight difference between the voices of the 

 two species 



THE PIG-TAILED MONKEY (Macacus nemestrinus) 



The next species of macaque we select for notice is the one represented in the 

 figure on the following page, and commonly known as the pig-tailed monkey. It is 

 distinguished from those we have already mentioned by the shorter tail, which is 

 thin and whip-like, and only about one-third the length of the head and body. 



It is a comparatively stout and long-limbed monkey, easily recognized by the 

 hair radiating from the centre of the head, the slender pig-like tail, and the very 

 projecting muzzle, which approximates to that of the baboons. Dr. Anderson com- 

 pares an adult full-grown male to a good-sized mastiff, both as regards size and 

 strength. This monkey has been long known to science, and was described by 

 Buff on as the maimon. It inhabits the province of Tenasserim, and thence extends 

 southward into the Malay Peninsula, and is also found in the islands of Borneo and 

 Sumatra. 



The voice and manners of this monkey are described as being very similar to 



those of the Bengal monkey. Its habits were long ago described by Sir Stamford 



Raffles from specimens observed by him in Sumatra ; and this writer relates that the 



inhabitants of that island train these monkeys to ascend the cocoa palms, and select 



8 



