THE MACAQUES 115 



is about 23 inches ; the tail only measures some 8 inches, exclusive of the hair at its 

 extremity, which adds another 2 inches to its length. 



The late Mr. E. Blyth, who speaks of this species as the long-haired pig-tailed 

 monkey, in contradistinction to the short-haired pig-tailed monkey (M. nemes- 

 trinus), says that it does not appear to be at all common, and that it chiefly inhabits 

 the range of limestone mountains from the north of Arakan to an undetermined 

 distance southward. The Burmese pig-tailed monkey serves to connect the other 

 species with the Bengal monkey. 



THE BROWN STUMP-TAILED MONKEY (Macacus ardoides} 



The brown stump-tailed monkey may be taken as an example of another group 

 of macaques inhabiting Burma and the Malayan region, and thence ranging into 

 China, Tibet, and Japan, and characterized by the reduction of their tails to a mere 

 rudimentary stump. 



The present species is characterized by the length of its dark brown or blackish- 

 brown hair, which may measure more than four inches, and also by the bright red 

 hue of the naked portions of the face and buttocks. As in the last-named species, 

 the terminal portions of the hairs of old individuals are decorated with rings of 

 different colors. The length of the head and body is probably about 24 inches, 

 while that of the tail does not exceed i or 2 inches. 



This monkey appears to range from the southern parts of Assam into Upper 

 Burma, and is also found in Cochin-China. We have not, however, full in- 

 formation on the subject of its geographical range, and absolutely none as to its 

 habits, although it is said to be an inhabitant of hilly districts. 



It has its tail sparsely clad with hair, or naked in old individuals. In the 

 coldest and least accessible forests of Eastern Tibet, the stump-tailed macaques 

 are represented by a species (M. tibetanus) characterized by its larger size, and the 

 thickly-haired tail. We have already seen how the same elevated regions are 

 inhabited by a langur ; and if Europeans ever obtain free access to Tibet, it will be 

 an interesting subject of investigation to discover on what these monkeys subsist 

 during the long and cold winters of that country. 



The Moor macaque (M. maurus) , which has received several distinct names 

 M. ochreatus, for instance represents the stump-tailed monkeys in Borneo, Celebes, 

 and probably some of the other Malayan islands, and is a dark and black-faced 

 species. 



In Japan the group is represented by the Japenese macaque {M. fuscatus), 

 which is one of those in which the tail is thickly haired. We have, however, still 

 much to learn as to the number of species of these stump-tailed macaques, and their 

 exact geographical distribution, while information as to their mode of life is 

 desirable. 



THE MAGOT, OR BARBARY MACAQUE {Macacus inuus) 



In the preceding sections we have seen how a gradual shortening of the tail can 

 be traced as we pass from the bonnet macaque, through the Bengal monkey and its 



