122 APES, MONKEYS, AND LEMURS 



has a broad tuft of long hairs, curling backward, and forming a very characteristic 

 crest. 



The earlier specimens of this monkey brought to England are described as 

 being rather violent in temper, and tyrannizing over the other monkeys with which 

 they were placed in company. Others, however, are stated to have been more 

 gentle in disposition, and thus very different from the fierce baboons. But few 

 specimens of this monkey have been exhibited of late years in the London Zo- 

 ological Society's Gardens. 



Dr. F. H. Guillemard, in his Cruise of the Yacht Marchesa, states that his 

 party found the black ape very common in the forest near Wallace Bay, in Celebes ; 

 and describes these animals as swinging from bough to bough in small flocks. 

 This monkey is also found in the small Island of Batchian, lying to the eastward 

 of Celebes, and forming a part of the Molucca group. On account of the circum- 

 stance that none of the other Mammals of Celebes extend to Batchian, Mr. Wallace 

 is inclined to consider that the black ape ' ' has been accidentally introduced by the 

 roaming Malays, who often carry about with them monkeys and other animals. 

 This is rendered more probable by the fact that the animal is not found in Gilolo, 

 which is only separated from Batchian by a very narrow strait. The introduction 

 may have been very recent, as in a fertile and unoccupied island such an animal 

 would multiply rapidly." In its arboreal habits, and predilection for fruit, the 

 black ape is essentially a macaque, and not a baboon. 



THE GELADA BABOON 

 Genus Theropithecus 



The extraordinary looking animal represented in the accompanying woodcut is 

 our first example of the group of baboons, or dog-faced monkeys, so called from 

 the great prolongation of their muzzles, which far exceeds that obtaining in the 

 black ape, and gives to them an expression quite different from that of any other 

 member of the order. We reserve our remarks for the other peculiarities of the 

 baboons till we come to the more typical representations of the group mentioned 

 under the next generic heading, and here content ourselves with indicating the chief 

 characteristics of the species represented in the illustration on p. 123. 



The gelada {Theropithecus gelada) is an inhabitant of the southern parts of 

 Abyssinia, and is distinguished from the true baboons by the circumstance that the 

 nostrils are placed some distance behind the extremity of the snout. In this respect, 

 therefore, the gelada forms a connecting link between the black ape of Celebes and 

 the true baboons. 



This animal is of comparatively large size, and of a dark color ; the shoulders, 

 back, rump, and fore-arms, as well as all the naked parts, being of a deep black, 

 whereas the head, whiskers, neck, and sides are of a sooty gray, sometimes tinged 

 with brown. The most peculiar feature about the creature, is, however, the great 



