EXTINCT BABOONS 141 



short tail is covered with hairs over the whole of its surface ; while the general 

 build, and especially that of the limbs, is of a much more slender type. Again, 

 although the face has the long sausage-like swellings of the mandrill, these are 

 considerably smaller and less inflated. The drill is ugly enough, but it is, to our 

 eyes at least, one degree less repulsive than the male mandrill. 



The general color of the fur is brown, tending to a whitish tint on the fore- 

 head and the crown of the head, and darker on the shoulders and the limbs. The 

 under parts are also lighter, being either of a pale brown or a silvery-gray tint. 

 The hair of the upper parts is very long and fine, and is of a light brown color at 

 the root, but ringed with black and yellow at the tips. These rings of two colors 

 give a greenish tinge to the fur when seen under certain lights. The whiskers are 

 thin and directed backward like those of the mandrill ; and the drill also resembles 

 that species in the presence of the peaked crest on the crown of the head, as well 

 as in the small yellow beard beneath the chin. The apology for a tail terminates 

 in a small tuft of hair. The naked jaw and ears are of an ivory-black appearance, 

 and the swellings on the snout are not marked by the oblique transverse furrows 

 and grooves which characterize those of the mandrill. The naked portions of 

 the hands and feet are copper colored, while the bare callosites on the buttocks are 

 bright red. The color of such portions of the skin as are covered with hair is of a 

 uniform dark blue. The female drill is distinguished from her lord and master 

 by her smaller size, and also by the relatively shorter head and paler coloration, in 

 which the young males resemble her. 



We have already alluded to the unsatisfactory nature of our knowledge of the 

 mandrill in its wild state, but in the case of the present species our information 

 appears to be absolutely nil. In confinement, however, the drill seems to be very 

 similar in its habits to the mandrill, and there can be no reasonable doubt but that 

 there is the same similarity in the wild condition. 



With the drill we conclude our notice of the living monkeys of the Old World ; 

 but before passing to those of the New World we must devote a short space to a few 

 extinct baboons. 



EXTINCT BABOONS 



Our survey of the long series of Old World monkeys has shown us that as we 

 pass from the Man-like Apes through the true monkeys to the baboons, we have 

 been gradually receding further and further from a marked approximation to the 

 human type, until we have reached forms that show a decided resemblance in their 

 projecting muzzles and general contour to the lower orders of Mammals. These 

 lowest forms being the baboons, it is but natural to assume that they are likewise 

 old in the history of the animal kingdom, so that we should expect to find them in a 

 fossil state. In Europe, however, no traces of fossil baboons have yet been dis- 

 covered ; while in Africa we only know of them as occurring in the superficial 

 deposits of Algeria. The latter circumstance must not, however, be taken as an 

 indication that other species of fossil baboons will never be found in Africa, since 



