HUMPED CATTLE 



763 



"hesitation in regarding these* humped cattle as constituting a' perfectly distinct 

 species. In Europe these animals are generally called zebu, but it does not appear 

 that any such name is known in India. 



In addition to the enormous hump on the withers, the Indian humped cattle are 

 characterized by a certain degree of convexity of the forehead, by the upper border 

 of the short horns being uniformly concave (as shown in the figure of the skull of 

 the African variety), by their large drooping ears, and also by the enormous dew- 

 lap which hangs in folds along the whole length of the neck. In size and color 

 these cattle are subject to a considerable amount of variation, but they are very gen- 



INDIAN HUMPED BULL 



(One-twenty-fourth natural size.) 



erally characterized by a distinct white ring round the fetlocks. While the largest 

 individuals stand as high as a buffalo, the smallest are but little taller than a calf of 

 a month old. The most common color is a light ashy gray, which may shade off 

 into cream color, or even milk white; but various tints of red or brown are often 

 met with, and occasionally black individuals are seen. In disposition these cattle 

 are always gentle, and the larger varieties are employed in India for drawing native 

 carriages. The voice of the humped cattle is more of a grunt than a low ; and these 

 animals differ from European cattle in habits, insomuch as they but seldom seek the 

 shade, and never stand knee-deep in water. It need hardly be mentioned that a 



