poo THE UNGULATES, OR HOOFED MAMMALS 



the dense jungle, and shoot them as they patter about among the dead leaves which 

 strew the game paths, or catch them while feeding on some favorite bush." 



Another member of the group is the much larger zebra-antelope (C, 

 Zebra " dorice} of West Africa, which takes its name from the eight or nine 



5l0pe black transverse bands crossing the back and loins, and gradually nar- 

 rowing to a point on the flanks; the ground color being a golden brown. This color- 

 ation is quite unique among Ruminants, and rivals that of the marsupial thylacine. 



Two species of this genus from West Africa also call for mention on 

 Wood " account of their great superiority in size over its other representatives. 



One of these is the wood-antelope ( C. sylvicultor} of Sierra Leone and 

 the Gabun, and the other the black wood-antelope ( C. jentinki) from Liberia. The 

 former stands about two feet ten and one-half inches in height, and is of a blackish 

 color, with the hinder part of the middle of the back marked by a yellowish white 

 line. The second species is rather smaller, and is of a grayish color on the body, 

 with the head and neck black, and the legs, lips, and inner sides of the ears whitish. 

 The tuft of hair on the head is small and inconspicuous. Altogether nineteen spe- 

 cies of these antelopes are recognized by Mr. O. Thomas. 



FOUR-HORNED ANTELOPE 



The chousingha, or four-horned antelope ( T. quadricornis) is the Indian repre- 

 sentative of the duikerboks, and differs from all other living Ruminants in that the 

 male generally has two pairs of horns, of which the larger are placed as in the duik- 

 ers, while the smaller pair are situated immediately over the eyes. The gland below 

 the eye has nearly the same elongated aperture as in the duikers; but there is no 

 tuft of hair on the crown of the head, and the upper molar teeth have no additional 

 column on the inner side. All the horns of the male are short, conical, and smooth; 

 the front pair being often reduced to mere knobs, and not unfrequently absent. In 



height the male chousingha stands twenty-five and one- 

 half inches at the withers, but an inch and a half higher 

 over the haunches. The fur is thin, harsh, and short, 

 and longer on the upper surface of the tail than elsewhere. 

 The general color is dull pale brown, with a more or less 

 marked rufous tinge above, passing gradually into white 

 on the under parts and inner sides and lower portions of 

 the limbs. There is a dark streak down the front of each 

 leg, which is larger in the fore than in the hind pair. The 

 second pair of horns usually vary from three and one-half 

 to four inches in length, and do not appear to exceed four 

 SKULL OF KOXJR-HORNED and one-half inches. The front pair are generally not 

 more than one and one-half inches in length, but may 

 reach two and one-half inches; they are frequently absent in specimens from Madras. 



