THE AMERICAN DEER 975 



elegant shape, as well as by the more decided brown color of ^he fur, especially in 

 the young. This species ranges over the greater part of Brazil, and extends west- 

 ward into Colombia. The other two species are the Ecuador brocket (C. rufinus), 

 found in Ecuador, Colombia, Venezuela, and Guatemala; and the wood-brocket (C. 

 nemorivagus] , from Surinam and Trinidad, both of which are only nineteen inches 

 in height. The former has fur of a full glossy red color, with the face and legs 

 shaded bluish brown, while the latter differs from all the rest by the pepper-and-salt 

 color of its hair. Fossil remains of brockets occur in the caverns of L,agoa Santa, in 

 Brazil, which probably belong to species still inhabiting the same districts. 



Brockets are found either alone or in pairs, and never collect in 

 herds, a male and female apparently associating for life. The does 

 produce usually but a single fawn at a birth, in December or January, and the 

 young are able to follow their mother in from three to five days. The speed of the 

 brockets is considerable, but not enduring, and they can be easily ridden down by a 

 good horse, while, when the cover is not too thick, hounds will generally capture 

 them within half an hour. 



The Costa Rica deer (C. davatui), of Central America, is another 

 Deer small species with spike-like antlers, which appears to form a group 



by itself, connecting the brockets with the succeeding groups. This 

 deer is of a uniform reddish-yellow color, like the Virginian deer, and differs from 

 the brockets, and agrees with the following groups in that the hair of the face is di- 

 rected uniformly backward, while it likewise resembles those that follow in the 

 smaller size of the naked portion of the muzzle, and in the less arched profile of the 

 face. 



The third group of the genus is represented by two South- 

 American species of medium size, which are confined to the Andes, 

 where they are known as guemals. They are distinguished by the antlers forming 

 a single fork, of which the front prong is the longer, and is projected forward in the 

 manner characteristic of the genus; by the presence of tusks in the upper jaws 

 of both sexes, and also by the uniform coloration of the fawns. Of the two species, 

 the Chilian guemal (C. chilensis} ranges from Santiago to Magellan, but is far more 

 scarce in the northern than in the southern portion of this tract; while the Peruvian 

 guemal ( C. antisiensis] is a northern form from the highlands of Peru. 



The pampas, or Guazuti deer (C. campestris), represented in the il- 

 lustration on the next page, brings us to a fourth group of the genus, 

 confined to South America, and characterized by the antlers being regularly forked, 

 with the hinder prong and sometimes also the front one again forking; while 

 there is no subbasal snag above the burr. The two species of this group are 

 further characterized by the absence of tusks in the upper jaw, the shortness of the 

 tail, and the uniform coloration of the fawns. They are confined to the eastern and 

 southern portions of South America, and do not attain such large dimensions as the 

 members of the next group. 



The pampas deer is the smaller of the two species, standing about two and one- 

 half feet at the shoulder, and its range extends from Paraguay and Uruguay through 

 Argentina into Northern Patagonia. The antlers (as shown in the profile view in our 



