THE PUDU DEER THE MUSK DEER 983 



r'"' 

 throat, and the face is gray, with a darker forehead, the legs being dark cinnamon 



color. In summer the color changes to bay. 



In habits and gait this deer closely resembles the mule-deer, but it is 

 said to occasionally produce as many as three fawns at a birth. Mr. 

 Grinnell states that the black-tail is chiefly found in the deepest recesses of the 

 coniferous forests of the Pacific ranges, and seldom wanders far away from the pro- 

 tection of the woods. Where they have been but little molested, these deer fre- 

 quently come down to the shore to feed upon a particular kind of seaweed, and 

 during such visits many are killed by the Indians, who paddle stealthily along the 

 shore in their canoes. 



THE PUDU DEER 



The tiny little deer from the Chilian Andes, known as the pudu (Pudua humi- 

 lis], although allied to the brockets, is so distinct from all others as to necessitate its 

 reference to a separate genus. This deer, which 

 is scarcely larger than a hare, has a rounded 

 head, with rather large ears, between which 

 in the males are a pair of minute spike- 

 like antlers, placed comparatively near to- 

 gether. The fur is of a reddish-brown color, 

 becoming paler on the under parts. There are 

 no tusks in the upper jaw, and the skull differs 

 from those of all the other American deer 

 except the guemals in that the premaxillary 

 bones, which form the extremity of the muzzle, 

 extend upward to join the nasal bones covering 

 the cavity of the nose. The ankle joint ex- 

 hibits certain peculiarities of structure unknown HEAD OF THE PUDU DEER. 

 in any other species. < From Sclater - ^ ZooL Soc -< I866 ' ) 



THE MUSK DEER 

 Genus Moschus 



The musk deer (Moschus moschiferus} of the Himalayas differs so remarkably 

 in several important points from all other deer that it must certainly be regarded as 

 forming a subfamily by itself, while some authorities consider it entitled to rank as 

 the representative of a distinct family. These peculiarities are chiefly internal. 

 Among the most important is the presence of a gall bladder to the liver, as in the 

 Ox family, while the brain is much less convoluted than in other deer. The 

 absence of antlers in both sexes cannot, however, be taken as a characteristic of 

 more than generic importance, since the same feature occurs in the Chinese water deer. 



The musk deer is a somewhat clumsily-built animal, standing about twenty 

 inches in height at the shoulder, and clothed with peculiarly coarse, brittle, and 

 rather long hair, somewhat resembling pith in structure. In addition to the 



