1 090 



THE UNGULATES, OR HOOFED MAMMALS 



and it also occurs in the so-called Low Countries and other parts of the Continent. 

 Typically the black horse, as shown in the illustration on p. 1077, has a round and 

 massive body, a broad chest, a powerful, muscular neck, and short, stout, and long- 

 haired limbs; its physical strength being great, but its speed slight. The size varies 

 considerably; the larger and most powerful races being produced in the fens. The 

 more modern breed generally has a white star on the forehead, and more or less of 

 the same color on the feet and legs, and often on the muzzle. Low says that ' ' the 

 main defects of his conformation and temperament are his too great bulk of body, 

 and want of action and mettle. For a pull with a heavy weight he is admirable; 

 but "he steps out short, and is slow in all his motions." Of recent years the aim of 

 breeders has been to remove these defects. 



CLYDESDALE MARE ("WOODBINE"). 



To the north of the Humber the native breeds of cart horses are of smaller bulk, 

 and generally brown, or still lighter in color; while they are altogether more active 

 than the black horse. This lighter build appears to be largely due to an infusion of 

 the blood of the higher races among the horses of these districts, which is not want- 

 ing even among those employed solely for heavy draught. 



The Clydesdale breed takes its name from the valley of the Clyde in 

 Lanarkshire, and is supposed to have originated by crossing the black 

 horse of the Low Countries with the native breeds. Clydesdales may be either black, 

 brown, bay, or gray in color, and usually stand about sixteen hands, which is consider- 

 ably less than the height of the black horse. They are also longer in the body and less 

 weighty, with a compact and muscular build, and a characteristic free and long stride. 



Clydesdale 



