THE SALAMANDER TRIBE 



2663 



the male during the breeding season runs a sky-blue band; the crest on the back 

 and tail is white with round black spots; the throat is frequently dotted with black; 

 the under parts are uniform orange or red; and the lower edge of the tail of the 

 female is orange spotted with black. The Alpine newt inhabits France, Belgium, 

 Holland, Germany, Switzerland, Austria, and the north of Italy. 



MALE AND FEMALE OF MARBLED NEWT. 



(Natural size.) 



A fourth European representative of the genus is the small common 

 newt (M. vulgaris] which belongs to the same group as the preced- 

 ing, and is distinguished by the festooning of the dorsal crest, the lobate hind-toes 

 of the male, and the black-spotted under parts. Abundant in almost every English 

 pond and ditch, where the water is sufficiently clear, this species ranges all over 

 Europe, with the exception of the south of France, Spain, and Portugal, and is like- 

 wise widely distributed in temperate Asia. It measures about three and a quarter 

 inches in length, and has a nearly smooth skin. The upper parts are brown or 



