THE BUTTERFLIES 



3049 



and black tipped, the latter area bearing a group of white spots. It is abundant in 

 almost every country of the world, except the Arctic regions and South America. 

 Nearly allied are the porcelains (Cyrestis}, which measure from two to three inches 

 across the wings, and are found in India, the Malay Archipelago, and a few in 

 West Africa and Madagascar. The sooty-veined porcelain (C. thyodamas] repre- 

 sented on the colored plate, No. 3 from the lower right corner, is an inhabitant of 

 Madagascar. Of the genus Limenitis, the large white admiral (L. -populi} occurs 

 in Central Europe, South Scandinavia, and Finland, but has not been met with in 

 the British Islands or in Holland. It is nearly twice the size of the English white 

 admiral (L. Camilla}, its wings being brown with a row of lunate orange marks 

 near the hinder margin of the lower wings. The arrangement of the white bars on 

 the upper wings is the same as that of the British form, but these are almost obliter- 

 ated in the male sex. The under side is of a beautiful orange-yellow color, broken 

 with white, and elsewhere suffused with various shades of purplish and bluish gray. 



Closely allied to the admirals are the mango butterflies (Euthalia), which are 

 almost entirely confined to India, the Malay Peninsula, and the adjacent islands. 

 They measure from two to four inches across the wings, and the larvae feed on the 

 leaves of the mango. An illustration of the black mango butterfly (Eu. lubentind} 

 will be found on the colored plate, No. 2 from the top right corner. The 

 emperors (Apatura) are widely 

 distributed over the world, ex- 

 cept in Africa. Two species 

 alone are found in Europe, and 

 these are much more brilliant 

 insects than the majority of the 

 temperate species. The caterpil- 

 lars are not hairy, but smooth, 

 and bear a pair of horns on the 

 head, as" also does the chrysalis. 

 In Britain the purple emperor 

 (A. iris} is confined to the 

 southern counties of England. 

 Its strong purple shot, white- 

 banded wings, three inches in 

 expanse, carry it with a grand 

 sweeping flight far above the 

 highest oak trees, whence it 

 descends, alas for imperial pre- 

 dilection, to a savory banquet of 

 putrid flesh, set out in some 

 suitable locality. The cater- 

 pillar feeds upon the sallow, and 

 the perfect insect appears in July. 



Passing over many genera. RESPLENDENT PTOLEMY. 



containing some of the loveliest (Natural size.) 



