3076 



THE JOINTED ANIMALS 



are rich chocolate brown of various hues, with deep crimson under wings, marked 

 with a pair of transverse black bands. They come to sugar freely in July, and are 

 common in some parts of England. The finest and rarest of these beautiful insects 

 is the Clifden nonpareil (Catocala fraxini] , very rare in England, but more abun- 



I. WHITE-SPOTTED PINION MOTH, WITH LARVA ; 2. PINE MOTH, WITH LARVA. 



(Natural size.) 



dant on the Continent. Scarcely less striking is the red underwing (C. nupta), in 

 which the gray wings are mottled with darker shades, rendering it difficult to detect 

 when resting on the gray bark of some forest tree. The hind-wings are pale crim- 

 son, with a central curving transverse black bar, and another broad black band 



RED UNDERWING, WITH L,ARVA. 



(Natural size.) 



along the margin. The caterpillar is gray, with darker brown markings, bearing a 

 pale yellow prominence on the ninth segment. It feeds on a species of willow, 

 Salixfragilis, and the adult appears on the wing in August and September; being 

 not uncommon in England, but found more abundantly on the Continent. In the 



