THE LOOPERS 



3079 



serious damage to forest trees and orchards. The male is of a dusky gray color, 

 with three darker bands across the upper wings; while the female is wingless. In 



4 86 



5 3 GROUP OF LOOPEKS. l 2 



MOTTLED UMBER 1. Male; 2. Female; 3. Larva. SCARCE UMBER 4. Male; 5. Female. WINTER MOTH 6. Male; 



7. Female; 8. Larva. (Natural size.) 



order to prevent the females from ascending the trees and laying their eggs on the 

 foliage, it is the custom in Sweden to ring the trunk with a narrow band of some 



BORDERED WHITE i. Male; 2. Female, with larva; 3. ARGENT-AND-SABLE, with larva. 



(Natural size.) 



sticky substance. The bordered white (Bupalus piniarius] is another well-known 

 member of the group. In this species the males are very abundant, flying among 



