THE JOINTED ANIMALS 



Tailed Group 



sting of the scorpions. On the lower side of the cephalothorax there are two 

 distinct sternal pieces, an anterior and a posterior, the latter bei'ng triangular and 

 lying between the coxae of the last pair of legs, while the anterior is longer and 

 placed between the coxae of the first pair of legs and behind those of the pincers, 

 which are united to form a kind of lower lip. The area between these sternal 

 plates is narrow, membranous, and largely encroached upon by the coxse of the 

 second and third legs, which nearly or quite meet in the middle line. The legs of 

 the first pair are also much shorter, and more typically leg-like than in the Am- 

 blypygi, the tarsal segment alone being divided into a series of nine cylindrical sec- 

 ondary segments. 



The tailed suborder may be further divided into the sections 

 Tartarides and Oxopcei. The former is a small group in which the 

 cephalothorax is divided into two regions by the jointing of the carapace, the region 

 which corresponds to the posterior two pairs of legs having a small but distinct ter- 

 gal plate of its own. Moreover, the eyes are either absent or reduced to a single 



pair, and the tailpiece, which is 

 jointed to the last segment of 

 the abdomen, is short -and un- 

 divided. There is a single family 

 of this tribe, the SckizottotuUg, so 

 called on account of the jointing 

 of the carapace. The family 

 contains two genera, Schizonotus 

 and Tripeltis, the species of 

 which are pale-colored forms, 

 less than a quarter of an inch in 

 length, and co'nfined to Burma 

 and Ceylon. 



The term Oxopcei, or acid 

 producers, is applied to the 

 family Thelyphonidee^ or whip 

 scorpions, which differ from the 

 last in having the carapace 

 undivided, and the tail long, 

 thread-like, and many jointed. 

 The last three segments of the 

 abdomen, too, are very narrow, 

 forming a movable stalk for the 

 filiform tail, and on its last seg- 

 ment there are generally two, 

 sometimes four, clear yellow 

 spots, the ommatoids. The eyes 

 are always well developed, two 

 of them being situated close to 

 the front edge of the carapace, 



FEMALE OF BORNEAN WHIP SCORPION, Thelyphonus hosei. 

 (Natural size.) 



