PLANTING OUT IN BEDS, ETC. 41 



slightly varied in order that the good soil may be put to 

 the best use possible. The best method by which to 

 treat the soil in cases of this kind is as follows : Starting 

 at one end of the bed remove the good soil as deeply as 

 possible and about 2 feet or so wide, thus making a 

 shallow trench the bottom of which is formed by the 

 subsoil. This should be forked over as deeply as 

 possible, and upon this should be placed the manure, 

 etc., to be incorporated. Then should follow the 

 surface soil taken from the next I foot width, thus leav- 

 ing another trench to be treated in the same manner, and 

 so on, the same method being observed throughout until 

 the whole bed is completed. 



If ground with inferior subsoil is treated in accordance 

 with the manner suggested, the best results possible will 

 be obtained, and the plants may confidently be expected 

 to do as well as possible in the circumstances. 



However, wherever the Pansies are to be grown, to 

 obtain the best results it will be found expedient to 

 treat the ground wherein they are to be planted by one 

 of the methods suggested above. In short, to grow 

 these flowers well and to obtain the finest results, deep 

 culture is the keynote of success. It is a common error 

 to suppose that Pansies are shallow-rooting subjects ; 

 this is not so, and it may come as a surprise to many 

 to learn that frequently, after a season's growth (and this 

 applies more particularly to the tufted section), plants 

 have been found to penetrate over 2 feet in suitable soil 

 in search of moisture and nutriment. 



In the first place, assuming that Autumn planting is to 

 be practised, the ground should be prepared as above, 

 during the latter half of August ; and, as opportunity 

 offers, it should be gone over with the fork and 

 thoroughly broken up. About the middle of September 

 it should be forked over, and any modifying elements 

 should again be introduced sand or road grit, ashes, 



