MAMMALS URSIDAE URSUS HORRIBILIS. 219 



URSUS HORRIBILIS, Ord. 



Grizzly Bear. 



Ursus herribilis, ORD, Guthrie's Geography, 2d Am. Ed. II, 1815, 291, 299. 

 SAT, in Long's Exped. II, 1823, 53. 

 DOUGHTY 's Cab. Am. N. H. I, 1830, 121; pi. xi. 

 GODMAN, Am.N. H. 1, 1831, 131. 



Ursu.1 ferox, (" LEWIS & CLARK,") RICHARDSON, F. B. A. I, 1829, 24; pL i. 

 FISCHER, Synopsis, 1829, 144. 

 MAXIM. Reise in das innere Nordam. I, 1839, 488. 



WAGNER, Suppl. Schreb. II, 1841, 138. IB. in Schreber, III, tab. cxH, C. (Copied from Richardson.) 

 ADD. & BACH. N. A. Quad. Ill, 1853, 141; pi. cxxxi. 

 GEOFFR. Voyage de la Venus, Zool. I, 1855, 123; pi v. (Skeleton.) 

 GIEBEL, Saugt. 1855, 742. 

 MAX. VON WIED & MATER, Verh. K. L. C. Akad. der Naturf. XXVI, 1857, (?) 39 ; pi. iii, animal; 



pi. iv, skull. 



Danis ferox, (" GRAT,") LESSON, Nouv. Tabl. R. A. 1842, 74. 

 Ursus cinereus, DESM. Mamm. I, 1820, 164. 

 HARLAN, F. Am. 1825, 48. 

 Ursus candescent, HAM. SMITH, Griff. Cuv. II, 1827, 229; V, 1827, 112. (Plate from Lewis & Clark's specimen in 



Philadelphia Museum.) 



Ursws arctos, var., MIDDENDORFF, Sibirische Reise, II, H, 1853,4, 54, 61. 

 White bear, BARTON, Phila. Med. & Phys. Jour. I, 1805, 75. 



WATKIN'S, Amer. Phil. Trans. VI, 1809, 70. 

 Grizzly, gray, white, and brown bear, LEWIS & CLARK, passim. 

 Gray bear of America, Journal de Phys. LXXXI, July, 1815, 416. 



DEWITT CLINTON, Trans. N. Y. Lit & Phil. Soc. I, 1815, 56. 



Sp. CH. Size very large. Tail shorter than cars. Hair coarse, darkest near the base, with light tips. An erect mane 

 between the shoulders. Feet very large; fore claws twice as long as the hinder ones. A dark dorsal stripe from occiput to tail, 

 and another lateral one on each side along the flanks, obscured and nearly concealed by the light tips ; intervals between the 

 stripes lighter. All the hairs on the body brownish yellow or hoary at tips. Region around ears dusky; legs nearly black. 

 Muzzle pale, without a darker dorsal stripe. 



A young grizzly, obtained near San Francisco by Dr. Newberry, and measuring about 3| 

 feet, exhibits in miniature all the peculiar characters of the species. The head is long and 

 acute, as in young bears ; the muffle is truncated and naked above for about half an inch from 

 the tip. The nostrils are rather open, and the groove in the anterior face of the upper lip, 

 extending to the septum, is naked. The ears are large and conspicuous above the fur ; rather 

 narrow and high, and well coated with hair. They are about three inches high above the skull, 

 (exclusive of the hair.) The tail is shorter than the ear by nearly an inch. 



The fore claws, as usual, are larger than the hinder ones. The fourth is longest, then the 

 third, second, first, and fifth. The first claw is much the most arched and convex in its dorsal 

 outline, and the rest become successively less and less curved ; the longest measures about 2 

 inches. They are compressed to near the tips, where they are depressed and slightly rounded 

 along the short and truncate tip ; here they are not dissimilar in shape to the incisors of the 

 beaver, though larger. The digits preserve much the same proportions as the claw, except that 

 the fifth is rather longer than the first. The balls of the fingers are longer than broad, and 

 are separated from the large pads by a hairy depression. The main pad is twice as broad as 

 long, and narrows from the outside inwards. The single small circular pad near the outer edge of 

 the foot is separated from the main pad by an interval equal to its own diameter about one 



