644 U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS ZOOLOGY GENERAL REPORT. 



Cervua (Cariacus) virginiantu, J. E. GBAY, Knowsley Menagerie, 1850, 66 ; tab. xlvi. (winter sp. from Texas an 



C. mericamis?)lB. Pr. Zool. Soc. Lend. XVIII, 1850, 238. 

 Ccmudama americana, ERXLEBEN, Syst. An. 1777, 312. 



Ccrvui ttrongyloceroi, AUTENRIETH, in Schreber Saugt. V, 1836. '(!) 1074. Text, not the figure. 

 Virginian deer, PENNANT, Synopsis, 1771, 51. IB. Hist. Quad. 1781, No. 46. IB. Arctic Zoology, I, 1784, 28. 

 Le Cerfde Virgmie, ST. HII.AIRE & Ccv Hist des Mammif. IV, 1819, plate, J, o. 

 Cerf a daguet, IB. (Spike buck.) 

 Cerf de la Louisiane, In. (female.) 



SP. Cu Horns with the branches all from the posterior edge. EaYs scarcely more than half the length of the tail. 

 Gland of hind leg not one-eighth the distance between the articulating surfaces of the bone. Tail depressed, hairy beneath ; 

 dark brown near the tip, but encircled by white on sides and tip ; entirely white beneath. Winter coat, pale grayish 

 chestnut, faintly annulated ; summer, bright uniform rufous. Chin with a transverse band of black ; and behind this one 

 of the color of the sides of the head. 



Young male, killed September 10, 1855. Not quite three months old. Elizabethtown, New 

 York. 



Form very slender, delicate and graceful. Head, acutely pointed ; the outline of the muzzle 

 slightly concave. Anterior canthus of the eye about midway between the end of nose and the back 

 of head, or posterior base of the ear. The eye itself is full and large, with a fringe of eyelashes 

 on the posterior half of the upper lid, and longer scattering bristles above these and on the 

 lower lid. The larmier is quite deep, elongated obliquely ; its deepest part about half an inch 

 in front of the eye ; it is naked except around the margin, as also is the space between it and 

 the eye. The naked muffle is broader than high, and extends back on the upper surface of the 



Fig. 12. Cervus virginianus: End of the muzzle, as seen obliquely from above and in front. The figure is to be consiaered 

 simply as a diagram, having been taken from a much distorted skin (not from the animal here described) ; it is only inten 

 ded to show the general outline of the naked portion. 



muzzle for nearly its height at the end ; its postero- superior edge is straight ; its infero-lateral 

 ones are likewise straight, but inclined to each other, so that if produced they would unite below 

 and form an equilateral triangle, with a line connecting their upper ends. The nostrils are 

 crescentic ; the convexity inferior ; their direction parallel with the outline of the muzzle ; the 

 anterior half of the crescent is in the naked muffle, the posterior covered with hair far over the 

 inside; anteriorly they are distant about seven lines, or nearly the width of the lower part of the 

 muffle. The nostrils, however, have almost everywhere short, sparse hairs. The surface of the 

 naked muffle is divided by narrow furrows into subhexagonal spaces. 



The lips are fleshy ; the edges and inner margins dark colored, covered with short, angular, 

 flat, tooth- shaped, cartilaginous processes. 



1 I cannot find the date of the original edition of this portion of Schreber's work ; it is probably about 1792. The title 

 page of the volume as completed gives 1836. 



