RUMINANTIA CERVIN A E CERVUS LEUCURUS. 649 



CERVUS LEUCURUS, Douglas. 



White-tailed Deer. 



Cervus leucurus, DOUGLAS, Zool. Jour. IV, Jan. 1829, 330. 

 RICHARDSON, F. Bor. Am. I, 1829, 258. 

 WAGNER, Suppl. Schreb. IV, 1844, 375. IB. V, 1855, 372. 

 PCCHKRAN, Mon. du Cerf, Archiv du Mus. VI, 1852, 322. 

 AUD. & BACH. N. Am. Quad. Ill, 1853, 77 ; plate cxviii. 



? Cervus (Mazama) leucurus, SUNDKVALL, K. Sv. Vet. Ak. Handl. 1844, (from living specimen in Menagerie du 

 Museum, Paris.) IB. in Hornschuch, Archiv Skand. Beitrage zur Naturgeschichte 

 II. 1850, 135. 

 ? Cervus macrourus, RAFINESQUE, Am. Monthly Mag. I, 1817, 436. 



HAM. SMITH, Griffith's Cuvicr, IV, 1827, 134 V, 1827, 316, (from Kansas river.) 

 Long-tailed red deer, LEWIS & CLARK. 



SP. CH. Horns and gland of the hind legs as in C. virginianus ; tail, appreciably longer; hoofs, long and narrow ; fur, 

 compact. General color above, in autumn, yellowish gray, clouded and waved, but not lined with dusky. Chin, entirely 

 white, with only a small dusky spot on the edge of the lip. Ears gray, with a basal white spot behind. Anal region and 

 under surface of the tail, but not the buttocks, white. Tail, reddish above, without exhibiting any dusky. 



(1885.) This animal has the general appearance of the Cervus virginianus, in many respects, 

 though differing appreciably from the specimens with which I have compared it. The ear is 

 rather narrow, but long, measuring 6.20 along its anterior edge; its greatest width 4.50. 

 They are thinner and more acuminate at the tip than in C. virginianus. Both surfaces are 

 well covered with hair : that on the concavity being long and loose, that on the convexity 

 short, compact, and close. 



There is nothing in the dried and distorted skins to indicate any peculiarities in the naked 

 muffle. 



The feet are very delicate and slender, appreciably more so than in C. virginianus. The 

 hoofs, too, are long, narrow, and acute. That surface of the anterior one which is applied to the 

 ground is three times as long as wide (2.20-{-.65_,) the false hoofs long. The distance from the 

 tip of the fore hoof to the posterior extremity amounts to 3.15 ; in a skin of virginianus of 

 the same size, 2.60. The entire length of the posterior hoof is 3.20 inches, its width .65, or 

 almost exactly that of the anterior. The outer border of the basal portion is nearly straight, 

 instead of much curved as in C. virginianus. The gland on the outer edge of the hind leg is 

 situated a little below the middle of the metatarsus. It is short, the naked portion measuring 

 only about an inch. 



The tail is moderately long and bushy, of uniform width from the base to the pointed tip, 

 rather depressed ; the hairs of equal length on the sides from the base to the tip. Its length 

 does not exceed that of the head. 



The prevailing color of this species in the fall of the year, and probably in the winter, is a 

 yellowish gray, clouded and waved with black caused by the dusky tips to the hairs. This 

 color is purest and grayest on the neck (nearly the same all round) and head, the long hairs 

 on the top of the head only being more fulvous. The chin and throat are dull white, the former 

 without any band, but merely a dusky spot on the side ; there is also a suffusion of dusky on 

 the sides and on the top of the upper jaw just behind the muffle, but no continuous ring. The 

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