RUMINANTIA CERVINAE CERVUS COLUMBIAN US. 



659 



List of specimens. 



NOTE. The measurements recorded above were taken before skinning. 



CERVUS COLUMBIANUS, Rich. 



Black-tailed Deer. 



Cervus macrotis, var. columbianus, RICHARDSON, F. B. Am. T, 1829, 255 ; pi. xx. 

 Cervus macrotis, RICH. F. Bor. Am. I, 1829, 254 ; pi. xx. 



SUNDEVALL, K. Sv. Veteiiskaps Akad. Handlingar, 1844. IB. Archiv Skand. Beit. II, 1850, 



135. (From Richardson.) 



Cervus lewisii, PEALE, Mammalia and Birds U. S. Ex. Ex. 1848, 39. 

 ? Cervus (Cariacus) lewisii, J. E. GRAY, Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond. XVIII, 1850, 239. IB. Knowsley Menagerie, 1850, 67 



pi. xliv, summer ; pi. xlv, winter. 

 Cervus richardsonii, AUD. & BACH. N. Am. Quad. II, 1851, 211. IB. Ill, 1853, 27 ; pi. cvi. 



WAGNER, Suppl. Schreb. V, 1855, 369. 

 ? Cervus (Cariacus) pundulatus, GRAV, Pr. Zool. Soc. Lond. XVIII, 1850, 239 ; pi. xxviii. IB. Knowsley Menag. 



1850, 67. 

 Slack-tailed fallow deer, LEWIS & CLARK. 



SP. CH. About the size of C. vi-ffinianus, or less. Horns doubly dichotomous, the forks nearly equal. Ears more than 

 half the length of the tail. Gland of the hind leg about one-sixth of the distance between the articulating surfaces of the 

 bone. Tail cylindrical, hairy and white beneath ; almost entirely black above. The under portion of the tip not black. 

 Winter coat with distinct yellowish chestnut annulation on a dark ground. Without white patch on the buttocks. There 

 is a distinct dusky horse-shoe mark on the forehead anterior to the eyes. 



The differences between this and the Virginia deer are very strongly marked and readily 

 appreciable. It is with the Cervus macrotis of Say that its closest affinities exist, and to distinguish 



The horns had four tips on each antler, arranged somewhat as in C. elaphus, except that the frontal tines are short and 

 small, placed more internally, and tending outwards ; then follows a very long tine curving upwards, (this in older deer 

 divides) ; above this is a fork. 



Measurements. From snout to tip of tail, 5 feet 9 inches 8 lines ; tail to tip of hairs, (measuring on the upper side,) 10 

 inches 8 lines ; tail without the hairs, 6 inches ; head, 12 inches 8 lines ; length of ear, measured on the side next to the 

 head, 8 inches 7 lines ; greatest width of ear, 3 inches 2 lines ; height anteriorly, (feet outstretched,) 2 feet 9 lines ; height 

 behind, 4 feet 3 lines. 



In a two year old female the color is the same as that mentioned above, although rather a purer clear yellow. There are 

 four inguinal teats ; ears dark gray at the tips. 



