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U. S. P. R. R. EXP. AND SURVEYS ZOOLOWY GENERAL REPORT. 



2. CYPKINELLA UMBEOSA, Grd. 

 PLATE LVIII, FIGS. 15. 



SPEC. CHAR Body rather short; back very much arched. Peduncle of tail robust. Head constituting more than the fifth 

 cf the total length. Eye well developed and circular; its diameter entering four times in the length of the side of the head. 

 Posterior extremity of maxillary reaching a vertical line drawn in front of the orbit. Anterior margin of dorsal fin equidistant 

 between the tip of the snout and the insertion of the caudal. Origin of ventrals situated slightly in advance of the anterior 

 margin of the dorsal. Pectorals moderate. Greyish red above ; greyish yellow beneath. Fins unicolor. 



SYN. Cyprinella umbrosa, GRD. in Proc. Acad. Nat. Sc. Philad. VIII, 1856, 197. 



Also a deep bodied species, much larger than the preceding, indeed the largest of the species 

 hitherto known of its genus. The ventral outline is as much arched as that of the back. The 

 greatest depth, taken at the anterior margin of the dorsal, is equal to the third of the length, 

 the caudal fin excluded. The entire length measures about three inches and a quarter, the 

 caudal fin being a little shorter than the greatest depth. The nape is a little depressed ; the head 

 constitutes the fourth of the length, the caudal fin excluded. The eye is circular ; its diameter 

 entering about four times in the length of the side of the head. The dorsal fin is higher than 

 long ; its anterior margin is nearer the tip of the snout than the insertion of the caudal. The 

 insertion of the ventrals is a little in advance of the anterior margin of the dorsal ; their tips 

 reaching the vent. The pectorals are of moderate development; their tips not extending as far 

 as the origin of the ventrals. The anal is deeper than long ; its anterior margin being nearer 

 the isthmus than the tip of the inferior lobe of the caudal. 



D 2, 8+1; A 2, 9 + 1; C 3, 1, 9, 8, 1, 4 ; V 1, 8 ; P 14. 



The scales are large, considerably larger than long, obscurely lozange-shaped, somewhat 

 tapering upwards and downwards. The radiating furrows appear to be much fewer in the scales 

 of the lateral line and those above it than in the scales below. The lateral line itself describes 

 a downwards curve upon the middle region of the abdomen, being much nearer the insertion of 

 the ventrals than the base of the dorsal fin. The dorsal region is greyish red, or light reddish 

 brown, whilst the ventral region is greyish yellow, or yellowish olive. The dorsal and caudal 

 are greyish olive ; the other fins being yellowish or light straw color. 



References to the fgures. Plate LVIII, fig. 1, represents Cyprinella umbrosa, from Coal 

 creek, and size of life. Fig. 2, is a section of the body across the line of greatest depth. Fig. 

 3, a dorsal scale. Fig. 4, a scale from the lateral line. Fig. 5, a scale from the abdominal 

 region. 



List of specimens. 



