250 ZOOLOGY. 



The white-faced goose is very abundant on this coast in fall and spring, but I believe 

 emigrates to California for the winter. Flocks of several hundreds passed the mouth of the 

 Columbia on their way southward as early as September 8. They remain about Shoalwater 

 bay throughout November, feeding almost entirely on the grassy dry plains near the beach, 

 and rarely appearing in the bays except in the middle of the day, when, with several other 

 species, float quietly at a distance from the shore, often asleep, though always watchful. C. 



Very abundant in California, where they may be found in great numbers in the San Francisco 

 markets throughout the winter, and as late in the spring as April 1. This species is given by 

 Dr. Townsend in his list of Oregon birds, but it is by no means as abundant there as either the 

 brant or snow geese. Although occasionally a visitor of Washington Territory, it is so rare 

 that I was unable to obtain a single specimen. S. 



BERNICLA CANADENSIS, (Linn.) Boie. 



Canada Goose. 



Anas canadensls, LIKV. Syst. Nat. I, 1766, 198. WILS. Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 52; pi. Ivii. 



Jlnser canadensis, VIEILL. Nouv. Diet. Sw. &. RICH. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 468. NUTT. Man. II, 349. AUD. Orn. 



Biog. Ill, 1835, 1: V, 607; pi. 201. IB. Syn. 270 IB. Birds Amer. VI, 1843, 178; pi. 376. 

 Bernicla canadensis, BOIE, Isis, 1826, 921. B.AIRD, Gen. Rep. Birds, 764. 



SP. CH. Tail of eighteen feathers. Head, neck, bill, and feet, deep black. A large triangular patch of white on the cheeks 

 behind the eye; the two of opposite sides broadly confluent beneath, but not extending to the rami of lower jaw; a few whitish 

 fcathers on lower eyelid. Upper parts brown, edged with paler. Under parts light, with a tinge of purple gray, sometimes a 

 shade of smoky brown; the edges of the feathers paler; the color of the body of the feathers, though similar, becoming deeper on 

 the sides, tibia, axillars, and inside of wings. The gray of the belly passes gradually into white on the anal region and under 

 coverts; the upper tail coverts are pure white. The primary quills and rump are very dark blackish brown; the tail feathers 

 are black. Length, 35; wing, 18; tarsus, 3.10; commissure, 2.10. 

 JIab. Whole of North America. Accidental in Europe. 



The common wild or Canada goose is rarely seen in the bays along the coast, as it takes an 

 interior route in its migration southward. It is common during mild winters in the Columbia 

 valley, near Fort Vancouver. In California the hunters generally consider this species much 

 larger than the Atlantic wild goose, and say that it weighs more. I never had an opportunity 

 of measuring them. C. 



This goose is abundant on the Columbia river, and found sparingly on Puget Sound. Seen 

 also by me in the San Francisco market. S. 



BERNICLA LEUCOPAREIA, (Brandt,) C as sin. 



Jlnser leucopareius, BRANDT, Bull. Sc. Acad. St. Petersb. I, 1836, 37, (Aleutians.) IB. Desc. et Icones Anim. Ross. 



Aves, fasc. I, 1836, 13; plate ii. 



(Bernicla leucopareia, CASSIN, 111. I, 1855, 272; pi xlv. 

 Bernicla leucopareia, BAIRD, Gen. Rep. Birds, 765. 



SP. CH. Tail of eighteen feathers; general appearance that of Jl. canadensis, but much darker; head and neck black, 

 bounded inferiorly by a well-defined half ring of white on the throat; a white patch on each cheek, the two confluent 

 below, triangular on the sides and truncate above ; the posterior outline perpendicular, the anterior sloping backwards 

 behind the eye, almost exactly as in Jl. canadensis; there is a faint whitish patch on lower eyelids; upper parts dark wood 

 brown, turning gradually into black on the rump, tail and primary quills, each brown feather of the fore back and wings 

 with a rather paler edge. The under parts are very dark brown, as dark as the back of Jl. canadensis, paler along the middle 

 of the belly, the sides as dark as the back; each feather has an obsolete margin of lighter ; the region around anus is 

 while, abruptly denned against the brown of the belly; the under and upper tail coverts are white; the bill is quite short, 

 the culmen about half the tarsus, which is decidedly longer than the middle toe. Length, about 35 inches; extent, about 63; 

 wing, 18: tarsus, 3.44; commissure, 1.90. 

 Hal. West coast of America. 



