ZOOLOGY. 251) 



BUCEPHALA AMERICANA, (Bonap.) Baird. 



Golden Eye ; AVUistle Wing. 



Anas clangula, FORSTER, Philos. Trans. LXII, 1772, 365. WILSON, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 62 ; Ixvii. 

 Fuligula (Clangula) dangula, BON. Syn. 1828, 393. NOTT. Mann. II, 441. 



Fuligula clangula, AUD. Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 318 ; pi. 3-12. IB. Birds Am. VI, 1843, 362 ; pi. 406. 

 Clangula vulgaris, Sw. F. Bor. Am. II, 1831, 456. Not of Fleming. 

 Clangula americana, BONAP. Comp. List, 1838 EYTOX, Mon. Anat. 1838, 167. 

 Bucephala americana, BAIBD, Gen. Rep. Birds, 796. 



SP. Cn. Bill black. Head and upper part of neck glossy green ; the under surface opaque velvety purplish black. An 

 elliptical patch along the base of upper mandible anterior to the eye, lower part of neck, under parts generally, and sides, 

 middle and greater wing coverts, the innermost secondaries (and tertials, except the innermost three or four) white. The 

 white on the wing is in a continuous patch, although there is a concealed black bar on the bases of the greater coverts. The 

 inner scapulars are white, margined externally with black, posteriorly, however, they are black, streaked centrally with 

 white. The inner scapulars and tertials, and the whole back, rump, and lesser wing coverts are black ; the primaries and 

 tail black, with a hoary gloss The under side of quills and lower greater coverts are plumbeous gray ; the rest of the under 

 wing and the axillars are sooty brown. The long white feathers of the flanks are edged superiorly with black. 



Female with the head and neck above snuff brown, without white patch. White of wing less extended ; the middle coverts 

 only touched with white. There is a tendency to a black bar across the tips of the greater coverts. The white of the wing 

 sometimes well defined. 



Length, 18. 75 ; wing, 8. 50 ; tarsus, 1. 50 ; commissure, 2. 

 Hob. Whole of North America. 



Specimens of the golden eye duck were obtained by me on Puget Sound, and a female of the 

 same in the second chain of Rocky mountains, (Bitter Root range.) Barrow s golden eye I was 

 unable to identify, although, according to Nuttall, they are common to the Rocky mountains. 

 It seems odd that a nearly identical, yet different, species of duck should be surrounded east 

 and west by its near representative. S. 



The golden eye is very abundant in bays during the winter and early spring. I have only 

 observed the common species among many specimens examined. C. 



BUCEPHALA ALBEOLA, (Linn.) Baird. 



Butter Ball; Dipper; Buffle Head. 



Anas albeola, LINN. Syst. Nat. 1, 1766, 199. GMELIN, I, 517. WILSON, Am. Orn. VIII, 1814, 51 ; pi. Ixvii. 

 Fuligula (Clangula) albeola, BON. Syn. 1828, 394. NOTT. Man. II, 445. 



Fuligula albeola, AUD. Orn. Biog. IV, 1838, 217 ; pi. 325. IB. Syn. 1839, 293. IB. Birds. Am. VI, 1843, 369; pi. 408. 

 Bucephala albeola, BAIRD, Gen. Eep. Birds, 797. 



SP. CH. Male.-~- Bill blue. Head and neck anteriorly dark colored ; the region in front of the eye and on the sides of the 

 collar behind rich green ; this color shading into purplish on^the upper and under surfaces of the head ; a broad patch on 

 each side of the head from the posterior border of the eye, and meeting its fellow on the nape, the lower neck all round, 

 under parts generally, wing coverts, (except the lesser,) and most of the secondaries, and the scapulars, white ; the latter 

 narrowly edged externally with black. Rest of upper parts, except as described, black ; passing gradually on the upper tail 

 coverts into pale gray. Axillars and under wing coverts sooty brown, more or less tipped with white. 



Female with the entire head, neck, and upper parts almost black. An elongated patch behind and below the eye, (not 

 reaching it.) The outer webs of some secondaries, and the under parts, white ; the jugulum, sides, and anal region, plum 

 beous gray. 



Length, 15 ; extent, 23 to 25 ; wing, 6. 65 ; tarsus, 1. 25 ; commissure, 1. 44. 



This duck is extremely abundant throughout the length and breadth of Washington 

 Territory. I observed them on the Rocky Mountain streams, and also upon the salt waters of 

 Puget Sound. They seem to repair indiscriminately to fresh, salt, and brackish waters, and 



