to extensive experimental studies of the plant. 3 Clawson 4 reports 

 that death may result fairly rapidly if a sheep consumes 1.3 percent 

 or more of its own weight of the green plant. Even where a sheep 

 consumes as little as 0.1 percent of its weight of this plant daily, the 

 animal usually becomes ill in about 44 days. If larger daily doses 

 are eaten, illness will result in a shorter time. The symptoms of bit- 

 ter rubberweed poisoning are very similar in both acute and chronic 

 cases and consist of salivation, nausea, vomiting, depression, and 

 weakness. Early in the spring, this aromatic, somewhat lemon- 

 scented annual, which is more increasingly abundant in its range 

 each year, is often the only green forage available over large areas 

 and, while normally very unpalatable, is grazed measurably at that 

 time. If sheep are grazed on areas where bitter rubberweed abounds 

 and other forage is lacking, losses are sure to occur as no effective 

 medicinal treatment has been discovered. 



3 Hardy, W. T., Cory, V. L., Schmidt, H., and Dameron, W. H. BITTERWEED POISONING 

 IN SHEEP. Tex. Agr. Expt. Sta. Bull. 433, 18 pp., illus. 1931. 



* Clawson, A. B. A PRELIMINARY REPORT ON THE POISONOUS EFFECTS OF BITTER RUBBER 

 WEED (ACTINEA ODOEATA) ON SHEEP. Jour. Agr. Research [TJ. S.] 43: 693-701, illus. 

 1931. 



