90 RECAPITULATION. 



stem of the apple is its peduncle. When it springs directly 

 from the ground, it is called a scape. 



7. Petiole, the foot stalk of the leaf. This is that part, usu- 

 ally small, which connects the leaf to the tree. It is simple 

 when it supports but one leaf, as in the Oak, Apple, and 

 Plum ; and compound, when it supports several, as in the 

 Ash, and Rose. 



FOLIUM, A LEAF. 



The leaf is that part of most vegetables which presents 

 the greatest surface to the air. Leaves differ from each other 

 in respect to substance, form, texture, color, surface, duration, 

 &c. 



Leaves are divided into two classes, viz. simple and com- 

 pound. 



Simple leaves. Leaves are called simple, when only one 

 grows on the same petiole, or foot stalk. Ex. Cherry, Peach. 



Simple leaves are of various forms, as round, ovate, oblong. 



Compound leaves. Leaves are said to be compound, when 

 several grow on the same foot stalk. These are called leaf- 

 lets. Ex. Rose, Ash, Sumac. 



The forms of compound leaves, or their modes of growth, 

 are various, as binate, ternate, pinnate. 



The summits, or terminations of leaves, differ from each 

 other, and the forms of these parts are distinguished by the 

 terms, acuminate, mucronate. 



In respect to their surfaces, leaves are smooth, velvety, 

 nerved. 



Leaves grow in several directions with respect to their 

 stems. This circumstance affords the distinctions of erect, 

 horizontal, reclined. 



In respect to the manner, or situation of their attachment, 

 leaves admit of several distinctions, such as radical, alternate, 

 opposite. 



Some leaves are of immense size. Ex. Fan-palm. Cer- 

 tain leaves are hollow, and contain water. Ex. Chinese 

 Pitcher plant, Side-saddle flower. 



What part is the petiole ? What part of a plant is the leaf? How are 

 the leaves divided ? When are leaves called simple ? When are leaves 

 aid to be compound ? 



