94 CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



Embryo. The embryo consists of the cotyledons , trie 

 radicle, and theplumula. 



Cotyledons. These are the seed lobes, and compose the 

 principal parts of leguminous seeds, as Beans, and Peas. 

 They form the first two leaves of the young plant. 



Radicle, or young root. This is the part of the embryo 

 which descends, or shoots into the ground and forms the 

 root. 



Plumula. This is the ascending rudiment of the embryo. 

 It forms the stem and branches of the plant. 



Hilum, called the scar, or eye of the seed. It is the point 

 of union between the seed and receptacle. 



Pappus, egret, or down. The wings of the seed. Some- 

 times elevated by a stipe. Ex. Dandelion. 



Sessile pappus. That is, attached to the seed. Ex. 

 Thistle. 



Plumose egret. Feathery pappus. Ex. Dandelion. 



BUDS. 



Buds are of three kinds. 



1. Leaf buds, those containing leaves only. 



2. Fruit buds, those containing fruit only. 



3. Mixed buds, those containing fruit and leaves. 



The use of the bud is to protect its contents from the cold 

 of winter. In h.ot climates no buds exist. Leaf buds aro 

 more extended, and their points sharper than flower buds. 



Young leaves are folded in their buds in various ways. 

 Some are doubled, others plaited, others rolled, &c. 



Buds are complete individuals, as is shown by their growth 

 when taken from one tree and inserted into another. 



CLASSIFICATION OF PLANTS. 



The illustrations which we have given of the different 

 parts of plants, in the foregoing pages, and the explanation 

 of the terms by which they are designated, are the prepara- 

 tory means by which the pupil will be enabled to understand 

 a systematic arrangement of the vegetable kingdom, and ulti- 

 mately to distinguish one species from another. 



