SYSTEM. 231 



called Glumace(B, and includes flowers which are destitute of 

 a true calyx and corolla, but enveloped in imbricated biactae. 



The second class, Cellulares, as we have already seen in- 

 cludes only such plants as are destitute of stamens, pistils, 

 flowers, and spiral vessels. This is separated into three sec- 

 tions, called Filicoideas, Muscoidea, and Aphylla. 



FILICOIDE^E includes such plants as have a distinct axis 

 and vascular system, as the Ferns, Club-mosses, and Horse- 

 tails. 



MUSCOIDE^E includes such as have a distinct axis, but not 

 a vascular system, as Musci (Mosses,) and Hepaticae, (Liv- 

 erworts.) 



APHYLL.<E. These have neither a distinct axis, nor vas- 

 cular system, as the Fungi, (Mushrooms.) Algae, (Flags.) 



Several other minor divisions are made in the class Vas- 

 culares, which however we shall at present omit to notice. 



RECAPITULATION. 



First Class, or Grand Division, VASCULARES. 

 OR FLOWERING PLANTS. 



Plants having distinct flowers, furnished with stamens and 

 pistils. 



This division includes all plants of the Linnaean system, 

 except the class Cryptogamia, and is therefore by far the 

 most important part of the vegetable kingdom. 



They are called Ph&nogamous plants because they bear 

 visible stamens and pistils ; and Cotyledonous plants, because 

 their seeds consist of Cotyledons. Both of these terms 

 distinguish them from the Cryptogamia, where no such 

 parts exist. 



The plants of this division are characterized by internal 

 spiral vessels, and woody fibre, but more obviously, by their 

 flowers containing stamens and pistils, and the veiny appear- 

 ance of their leaves. 



SUB-CLASS 1. EXOGENOUS, OR DICOTYLEDONOUS PLANTS. 



Leaves reticulated ; stem with wood, pith, bark, and medullary 

 rays ; cotyledons two or more, placed opposite to each other. 



This sub-class contains all such plants as have seeds 

 composed of two or more cotyledons. The number of 

 species of the latter kind are however very few, nearly all 

 plants which belong here having seeds with only two coty- 

 ledons 



