238 NATURAL 



corolla, with many petals. Apetalous plants have a calyx, 

 but no corolla, (Ex. Poke,) and Achlamydeous plants have 

 neither calyx nor corolla, (Ex. Birch, Willow.) 



The following catalogue of Natural Orders is arranged ac- 

 cording to Professor Lindley's Natural System of Botany. 

 The orders include North American genera only, and em- 

 brace most of those arranged by Professor Torrey, of the 

 New York University, in his edition of Lindley's Natural 

 System, with the exception of the Grasses and Cellulares. 



The examples do not include all Professor Torrey's genera. 

 The properties are chiefly extracted from Professor Lindley. 



1. ORDER 1. ARALACE.E. The Aralia tribe. Ex. Aralia. 

 Panax. Properties. Ginseng, a species of Panax, is val- 

 ued by the Chinese as a nervine. 



2. UMBELLIFFER^E. The Umbelliferous tribe. Ex. Cicuta, 

 Sanicula, Daucus, Angelica, Coniuin, Sium. Properties. 

 Herbs often poisonous, sometimes esculent, as Celery. Seeds 

 warm and agreeable aromatics. 



3. RANUNCULACE^E. The Crowfoot tribe. Ex. Ranunculus, 

 Hepatica, Coptis, Aquilegia, Actea, Thalictrum, Paeonia. 

 Prop. Acrid or poisonous, sometimes simply astringent, or 

 inert. The caustic principle is lost by drying. 



4. PAPAVERACE^E. The Poppy tribe. Ex. Papaver, San- 

 guinaria, Chledonium. Prop. Narcotic, emetic, and stimu- 

 lant. Opium is the dried juice of the Poppy. 



5. NYMPHEACE./E. The Water Lily Tribe. Ex. Nuphar, 

 Nymphaea. Prop. Sedative and emollient. 



6. NELUMBONEJE. Ex. Nelumbium. Prop. Inert herbs. 

 Beautiful flowers. 



7. HYDROPELTIDE^E. Ex. Hydropeltis, Cabomba. Prop. 

 Unknown. 



8. PODOPHYLLEJE. The May Apple Tribe. Ex. Podophyl- 

 lum, Jeffersonia. Prop. Cathartic. 



9. CRUCIFERJE. The Cruciferous tribe. Ex. Thlaspi, Den- 

 taria, Brassica, Cardamine, Sinapis, Lepidium, Arabis. 

 Prop. Antiscorbutic, and stimulant, with an acrid flavor. In 

 the Cress, Turnip, and Cabbage, this is pleasant. 



10. FUMARIACEJE. The Fumitory tribe. Ex. Fumaria, 

 Corydalis, Adlumia. Prop. Diaphoretic and aperient ; 

 aroma, none. 



