Codling Moths emerge from the pupae towards the end of 

 May and may be found for a period of about three weeks. 

 They fly at dusk and spend the day at rest on the trunk, 

 branches or leaves of the apple- trees, but are very difficult to 

 detect. 



The female after pairing, .lays her. .eggs singly on the young 

 fruit and OLI the leaves, or twigs. The eggs are small *fa jnch 

 in diameter- aval and .very flat, appearing in fact more like 

 small shilling scales 'than the eggs of an insect. After a period 

 of 1U days or longer, according to the weather, the young- 

 larva ; leaves the .egg and crawls away until it reaches the 

 " eye " (or calyx) of the apple, through which, in the great 

 majority of eases, it gnaws a hole into the interior. As 

 an exception the larva may enter the apple at some other 

 point, but in this case it is usually when- two apples press 

 together or where one is in ' contact with a leaf. Having 

 penetrated into the apple, the larv,a attacks chiefly the core 

 and the neighbouring flesh, burrowing down the centre to the 

 pips, which are also.eaten. 



After a period of three weeks to one month the larva is full 

 fed. It then measures from -|-f inch in length and is pinkish 

 or creamy white in colour with a brown head. It lias three 

 pairs of true legs and five pairs of " sucker " legs including 

 the clasper-like pair at the. "tail." There are therefore 8 

 pairs in all, and this feature will serve to distinguish it from 

 the Apple ' Sa'wfly larva, which has ten pairs altogether. In 

 general appearance the two larvae are different, Sawfly larvae 

 being often dead white and rather plump, while the Codling 

 lame are to some extent coloured and more slender, but these 

 features are not constant and cannot be relied on. 



On becoming full fed the Codling larva burrows its way out 

 through the side of the apple, which may still be hanging on 

 the tree or may have dropped to the ground. In either case 

 the larva crawls away in search of some shelter in which to 

 spend the winter, and for this purpose it often chooses a crack 

 or crevice in the bark of the apple tree, though it may conceal 

 itself in a dead leaf or in any other rubbish near by. Having 

 ohosen its position it spins a silk cocoon in which it remains 

 as a larva until the following spring, when it changes into a 

 yellowish brown pupa. Very occasionally the larva pupates 

 m the summer and emerges as a moth in August, but this 

 second brood is rare in Britain, though it becomes normal in 

 the wanner climates of America. \Yhrn moths of a second 

 brood -are produced they give rise to larv;n which attack the 

 apples 'in the same wav as the first brood, though they often 

 enter thr> fruit through the side instead of through tho eye. 

 As in the case of the first brood they spin cocoons in which 

 to pass -the winter, pupating the following spring and 

 ing moths in duo course. 



