MANUAL FOR STABLE SERGEANTS. 127 



DISEASES OF THE THROAT. 



421. Laryngitis and pharyngitis (sore throat). An inflam- 

 mation of the membrane lining the larynx and pharynx. 



Causes. Chilling, due to exposure to draft, cold rams, and sudden 

 changes of temperature, i. e., from warm to cold; infection; improper 

 ventilation; bruises; injuries to the pharynx from foreign bodies, 

 and irritating medicines. 



Symptoms. Difficulty in swallowing, manifested by the return 

 through the nostrils of water and food. Diminution of appetite, 

 cough, and stiffness of the neck. The nose is poked out, there is 

 more or less slobbering, and pressure on the throat causes pain. 

 There is usually a nasal discharge mixed with saliva and particles 

 of food. The mucous membranes of the eyes, nostrils, and mouth 

 are reddened and swollen, and breathing is often difficult and quick- 

 ened. The temperature rises from 2 to 6 above normal, and there 

 is swelling of the lymph glands of the lower jaw and throat. 



Treatment. Isolate the animal in a dry, well ventilated place. 

 Blanket warmly and bandage the legs. Feed sloppy bran mashes, 

 grass, gruels, or steamed oats. Supply an abundance of fresh drink- 

 ing water. Give one-half ounce of ammonium chloride or potassium 

 nitrate in the drinking water morning and evening. The bucket 

 or vessel in which the water is given should be supported in the 

 stall at a height of 3 or 4 feet from the floor, this to enable the animal 

 to drink without bending the neck. The lips and nostrils should 

 be kept clean and the mouth should be washed several times a day 

 with fresh water. In severe cases with marked heat and pain about 

 the throat, apply cold compresses. In mild cases ammonia liniment 

 may be used. If the temperature is high, give frequent rectal in- 

 jections of 2 or 3 gallons of cold water. Do not drench or give balls. 



The following is a suitable prescription: 



Fluid extract belladonna dram. . J 



Pine tar do 1 



Glycerine ounce . . J 



This makes one dose. Mix and smear on the back of the tongue 

 and back teeth with a thin stick; give morning and evening until 

 relief is affordsd. 



