146 THE BOOK OF BRITISH BUTTERFLIES. 



margin are four black eye-spots, some, or all, having a 

 white centre. Near the tip of the fore-wings there is also 

 a large, white-centred eye-spot, and often a second tiny 

 one occurs still nearer the tip. A brown band, present 

 in the male only, across the centre of the fore-wings, 

 parallel to the hind-margin, distinguishes the sexes. 

 Compare Figs, 152 and 154. 



The under-surface (Fig. 153) of the fore-wings closely 

 resembles that of the upper surface of the female, except 

 that the eye -spot is surrounded by a narrow line. The 

 under-surface of the hind-wings constitutes the chief 

 beauty of the insect ; it forms a rich network of brown 

 on a yellowish-grey surface and there is a row of six 

 eye-spots parallel with the hind-margin, the spot nearest 

 the anal angle being double-centred. The black spots 

 with white centres are surrounded first by a yellow ring, 

 then by a brown one, then again by a yellow one, and 

 lastly by a second brown one, producing an effect which 

 must be seen to be appreciated. 



Satyrus, Bdv. 



The genus Satyrus contains but one British species, 

 S. semele, and this even has been placed by some in one 

 genus Hipparchia with the three butterflies that are now 

 usually grouped together in genus Epinephele. The tips 

 of the antennae of S. semele are more rounded than is the 

 case with most of the members of the Ringlet group. 



S. semele, Linn. (Grayling, or Rock-eyed Underwing) 

 (Figs. 155 to 158), is a rather handsome member of the 

 somewhat sombre group of butterflies to which it belongs ; 

 but its chief beauty is to be found on the under-surface. 

 It is, moreover, the largest of the group, female specimens 

 sometimes measuring almost 3in. from tip to tip of the 

 fore-wings. The Grayling's flight, jerky with frequent rests, 



