LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS 



PAOE 



Frontispiece. Dr. Charles Saunders. 



1. Map showing Lord Selkirk's grant of land, the route of 



the Selkirk Settlers, and the boundaries of Manitoba 3 



2. Hebrides women grinding with the quern or hand-mill 17 



3. Combined acreage of spring-sown and autumn-sown 



wheat in western Canada 37 



4. Breaking the virgin prairie of Manitoba with a 



four-horse plow (facing page) 44 



5. Cutting the wheat crop with a four-horse binder (facing 



page) 45 



6. Wheat in the stook in western Canada (facing page) 46 



7. Threshing wheat on the prairie (facing page) ... 47 



8. Eastbound movement of western Canadian wheat in 



the calendar year 1913 50 



9. Country elevators at a railway station, rear view (fac- 



ing page) 56 



10. View of Canadian Pacific Railway yards in the busy 



season at Winnipeg (facing page) 57 



11. The Dominion Government Terminal Elevator at Port 



Arthur (facing page) 62 



12. Unloading a car of grain (facing page) 63 



13. Design for the Dominion Government elevators at 



Saskatoon, Moosejaw, and Calgary (facing page) . 64 



14. A gang ready to start the work of sampling (facing 



page) 80 



15. Probing the grain, showing the sampler with his probe 



or stabber (facing page) 81 



16. Emptying the grain upon the cloth through the handle 



of the stabber as practiced until recently (facing 



page) 86 



xiii 



ir 



