186 ESSAYS ON WHEAT 



Marquis, Euby and Prelude were all produced by cross- 

 breeding. Marquis resulted from a single cross, Ruby 

 from two successive crosses, and Prelude from three suc- 

 cessive crosses. Their respective genealogical trees may 

 be represented as follows : 



Parentage of Marquis 

 Hard Red Calcutta (f.) X Red Fife (m.) A. P. Saunders, 1892 



\ / 



Marquis 



Parentage of Ruby 

 Gehun (f.) X Onega (m.) W. T. Macoun, 1891 



\ / 



Downy Riga (f.) X Red Fife (m.) C. E. Saunders, 1905 



\ / 



Ruby- 

 Parentage of Prelude ^^ 

 Ladoga (f.) X White Fife (m.) A. P. Saunders, 1888 



\ / 



Alpha (f.) X Hard Red Calcutta (m.) . . A. P. Saunders, 1892 



\ / 



Fraser (m.) X (downy) Gehun (f.) .C.E.Saunders, 1903 



\ / 



Prelude 



Hard Red Calcutta and Gehun were brought to Canada 

 from India, and Ladoga and Onega from northern Russia, 

 Red Fife came from central Europe (probably Galicia) 

 vid the ports of Danzig and Glasgow; and White Fife is 

 believed to be one of its derivatives.^^ Marquis, Ruby, 



52 C. E. Saunders, Experimental Farm Reports for 1911-12, Ot- 

 tawa, 1913, p. 118. 



53 W. Saunders, Ladoga Wheat, Central Experimental Farm, Bul- 

 letin No. 4, 1889, p. 4; also C. E. Saunders, Evidence before the 

 Select Standing Committee on Agriculture and Colonization, Ot- 

 tawa, 1905. 



Red Fife is named after David Fife upon whose farm Red Fife orig- 



