254 ESSAYS ON WHEAT 



100,000,000, will be on summer fallow. Eighty per cent, 

 of this will consist of Marquis, i. e., the Marquis wheat 

 will be represented by 80,000,000 bushels. If we take 

 20 per cent, of this as the increase in the crop due to grow- 

 ing Marquis instead of Red Yiie, the wealth added to the 

 country owing to the introduction of Marquis would be 

 16,000,000 bushels. In unfavorable seasons, when Eust 

 or early frost do much damage, the advantage of the more 

 quickly ripening Marquis over the later ripening Red 

 Fife would be even greater. In the year 1915 the wheat 

 crop attained a record for this country. The final figures, 

 according to Mr. Milner, a former president of the Winni- 

 peg Grain Exchange, were 376,448,400 bushels.'* Using 

 the same basis of calculation as before, the additional har- 

 vest due to growing Marquis instead of Red Fife in 1915, 

 had Marquis been as widely grown then as now, would 

 have been upwards of 30,000,000 bushels. As a matter 

 of fact it was probably quite 20,000,000 bushels. It seems 

 safe to suppose that, from now onwards, the additional 

 harvest, due to growing Marquis instead of other wheats 

 which it has replaced, will be on the average from 16,- 

 000,000 to 25,000,000 bushels per annum.'^ 



official figures for the wheat crop for the last five years given in 

 bushels : 



Western Canada All Canada 



1913 209,262,000 231,717,000 



1914 140,958,000 161,280,000 



1915 360,187,000 393,542,600 



1916 242,314,000 262,781,000 



1917 211,953,100 233,742,850 



Vide Canada Year Book, Department of Trade and Commerce, Ot- 

 tawa, 1915, pp. 162-165; 1916-17, pp. 192-193; and the Monthly- 

 Bulletin of Agricultural Statistics, Department of Trade and Com- 

 merce, Census and Statistics Office, Ottawa, Jan., 1918, pp. 4, 10-12. 

 3*W. E. Milner, The President's Address, Eighth Annual Re- 

 port (new series) of the Winnipeg Grain Exchange, presented to the 

 Annual Meeting held September 13, 1916. p. 24. 



35 There can be little doubt that the replacement of Red Fife by 



