292 ESSAYS ON WHEAT 



VI. The Botanical Classification of ^Y^leats 



In order to appreciate why it is that the wild wheat 

 of Palestine has been considered to be the prototype of our 

 cultivated wheats, it is necessary to understand how cul- 

 tivated wheats have been classified. Eight distinct kinds 

 of wheat have been recognized as follows : 



In the great central spring-wheat region of North Ameri- 

 ca, No. 5 or wheat is by far the most important kind, for it 

 includes Red Fife, Marquis, Preston^ and Bluestem. No. 

 8 or durum wheat is also grown in the dryer localities; 

 but few farmers in the West are acquainted with either 

 einkorn, Polish wheat, emmer, spelt, club wheat, or Pou- 

 lard wheat. The following classification is based upon 

 the studies of Kornicke and Hackel : 



Triticum 



Section Eutriticum 



I. Triticum monococcum einkorn. 



II. Triticum polonicum Polish wheat. 



III. Triticum sativum a collective species. 



1. Triticum dicoccu.m emmer. 



2. Triticum spelta spelt. 



3. Triticum tenax common wheats. 



a. Triticum vulgare {Triticum cestivum,) .. .wheat. 



b. Triticum. compactum club wheat. 



c. Triticum turgidum Poulard wheat. 



d. Triticum durum durum wheat. 



We thus see that in the section Eutriticum of the genus 

 Triticum there are three species: Triticum monococcum. 



