OF CENTRAL CANADA PART IV. 



Existing Period 

 Cainozoic Periods. 



Mesozoic Periods. 



Palaeozoic Periods. 



Archsean Periods. 



As the remains of vertebrates in the rock formations of the 

 Provinces to which this book refers are practically of little import- 

 ance, it will not be necessary to enter into classification details. 



A few spines belonging apparently to an extinct cestraciont shark 

 ( Machcer acanthus sulcatus)h&ve been obtained from the Corniferons 



FIG. 237. Spine of Castraciont (Maehceracanthus sulcatus.) Corniferous Formation. 



and Hamilton formations of South Western Ontario ; and in the 

 succeeding Portage-Chemung formation ganoidal scales are occasion- 

 ally found. The spines are several inches in length, curved, and 

 more or less distinctly furrowed. The remains of several species of 

 ganoid fishes, in a more or less fragmentary condition, have also been 

 found of late years in the Upper Devonian rocks of Scaumenac Bay 

 in Eastern Quebec. These are referred to Pterichthys (or Bothrio- 

 lepis), Acanthodes and Phaneropleuron. See descriptions and figures 

 by Mr. Whiteaves in the Transactions of the Royal Society of 

 Canada for 1886. 



In the comparatively modern Post-Glacial deposits, entire skeletons 

 of some existing teleostean species mallotus villosus (the capelin)^ 

 and cyclopterus lumpus (the lump-sucker) occur in clay modules at 

 Green's Creek on the Ottawa, and at other places in that district, at 

 considerable elevations above the present sea-level. Bones of a living 

 seal (phoca grcenlandica) occur in the same deposits. The Post- 

 Glacial sands a.nd clays around Hamilton and elsewhere have yielded 

 occasionally a few bones and teeth of our existing black bear (Ursus 

 Americanus), wapiti, beaver and other existing forms; together with 



